问题 解答题

已知数列{an},{bn}满足bn=an+1-an,其中n=1,2,3,…

(1)若a1=1,bn=n,求数列{an}的通项公式;

(2)若bn+1bn-1=bn(n≥2),且b1=1,b2=2.记cn=a6n-1(n≥1),求证:数列{cn}为等差数列.

答案

(1)当n≥2时,有

an=a1+(a2-a1)+(a3-a2)+…+(an-an-1

=a1+b1+b2+…+bn-1(4分)

=1+

(n-1)×n
2
=
n2
2
-
n
2
+1.(6分)

又因为a1=1也满足上式,所以数列{an}的通项为an=

n2
2
-
n
2
+1.(7分)

(2)由题设知:bn>0,对任意的n∈N+

bn+2bn=bn+1,bn+1bn+3=bn+2得bn+3bn=1,

于是又bn+3bn+6=1,故bn+6=bn(9分)

∴b6n-5=b1=1,b6n-4=b2=2,

b6n-3=b3=2,b6n-2=b4=1,

b6n-1=b5=

1
2
b6n=
1
2

∴cn+1-cn=a6n+5-a6n-1=b6n-1+b6n+b6n+1+b6n+2+b6n+3+b6n+4

=1+2+2+1+

1
2
+
1
2
=7(n≥1),

所以数列{cn}为等差数列.(16分)

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