问题 问答题 简答题

渐进模型的缺陷?

答案

参考答案:

(1)缺乏在决策方面的积极进取精神。政策包含着要改变现状的意志和计划等对环境的控制倾向,但在渐进模型中缺乏这些;

(2)具有保守倾向。因为渐进模型强调部分的变化和渐进的修正。正因为这样,这一决策模型忽略或不顾真正重要的和根本性的变化;

(3)由于不是从积极引导和规制的角度上去理解政策,而是根据社会各个势力之间的相互作用之产物来理解政策,所以这一模型上的决策只能反映强者的利益,而不能反映弱者的要求。

单项选择题

The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, (1) , depends first and (2) on its capacity to produce wealth." Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money (3) on things that money can buy. "Goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and " (4) ". A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of (5) have an effect on one another. Wealth depends (6) a great extent upon a country’s natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a (7) climate; other regions possess none of them.

Next to natural resources (8) the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well (9) as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and (10) wars, and (11) this and other reasons was (12) to develop her resources. (13) and stable political conditions, and (14) from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well (15) by nature but less well ordered.

A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed (16) its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. (17) , Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on (18) grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would (19) be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, (20) that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

9()

A.off

B.known

C.done

D.furnished

单项选择题