问题 问答题 简答题

简述秦汉美术发展的概况。

答案

参考答案:

秦汉包括了秦朝、西汉、东汉三个朝代,这一时期是中国统一的多民族封建国家建立于巩固发展时期,也是我国民族艺术风格确立与反战的重要时期。这一时期的美术风格浑厚质朴、深沉雄大,充满自信与活力。美术题材广阔,内容丰富,寓意深刻,展现了秦汉社会的方方面面,因而是一个全新的艺术发展时期,在中国美术史上具有承前启后的重要地位。

(1)绘画方面。秦汉的绘画艺术大致包括宫殿寺观壁画、墓室壁画、帛画、工艺装饰画以及画像石与画像砖等。这时期的绘画拓展了中国绘画的表现题材和领域,发展了描绘现实生活及刻画人物性格的能力,丰富了中国绘画的表现技法和艺术技巧,为中国绘画民族特征的形成奠定了坚实的基础。

(2)雕塑方面。秦汉雕塑是中国雕塑史上的第一个高峰,包括陶雕、石玉雕和木雕等门类,大型雕塑和群雕气势恢宏,深沉雄大,蕴含着自信好卖、蓬勃向上的时代精神。中小雕塑朴拙洗练,生动传神,情趣盎然。主要代表有秦始皇陵兵马俑、霍去病墓前石刻,秦岭铜车马等。

(3)书法方面。秦汉是中国文字变迁最为剧烈的时期,这一时期书法作为一门艺术确立了起来,并且出现了第一批姓名载诸史册的书法家。

(4)建筑方面。秦汉城市与建筑布局规整合理,结构简朴大气,技术日趋完善和成熟,为后世城市和建筑的发展打下了坚实基础。秦都咸阳、西汉长安和东汉洛阳是秦汉都城建筑的代表。此外,宫苑、陵园等建筑类型的规模也急剧扩大。秦汉的建筑装饰主要有壁画、画像石、画像砖、瓦当等门类。

(5)工艺美术。秦汉工艺美术包括青铜器、玉器、陶器、漆器、织绣、金银器等,门类齐全,品种丰富,呈现出璀璨夺目的景象,其中,汉代的铜镜、铜灯等制作精湛,构思巧妙。

单项选择题 A1型题
阅读理解

阅读理解

     Powerbocking is enough to realize anyone's dreams of super powers:jump six feet in the air and run at

25 miles an hour or more.But,instead of costing six million dollars,you can get a pair of "powerbocks"for

just a couple of hundred.

     Mankind seems to have a strong desire to get off the ground.In the late 1890's stilt walking(踩高跷)

attracted  Europe,with Sylvain Dornon walking from Paris to Moscow on stilts in 58 days.

     The inventor of the Powerbock,German engineer Alexander Boeck,studied the movements of

kangaroos in order to develop his original design.And the Powerbock allows humans to extend their own

Achilles tendon(跟腱)to come close to the length and power of those in animals like kangaroos.As a

result,exercising using the stilts reduces wear and tear on feet and knees while still giving the body enough

exercise.

     Powerbocking is considered as a form of exercise.You'll burn calories five times faster than jogging and

it employs 95% of the body's muscles.It's also an extraordinarily easy form of extreme sport to take up -it

only takes about 30 minutes to master the basics.

     For a start,you'll instantly add 18 inches to your height.And then you'll be capable of the most

extraordinary skills of athleticism.Flipping(翻)backwards 20 times in 20 seconds to set a Guinness World

Record,for example,or leaping over cars.Acquiring them_is an awful lot of fun.It's not surprising that

Powerbocking has been turning up everywhere-on talent shows,commercials and even as part of the

closing ceremony at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

     But,he warned-if you're interested in taking up this sport,you need to know that no one can agree what

it should be called.The equipment is sometimes referred to as power stilts,jumping stilts,kangaroo boots

and many more.But there seems to be general agreement that the sport ought to be named

"Powerbocking"in honor of its inventor,Herr Boeck.

1. What do we know about Powerbocking from the passage?

A. It is difficult to learn.

B. It doesn't cost much money.

C. It is a kind of ordinary sport.

D. It was invented in the late 1890's

2. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Powerbocking can help people lose weight.

B. Power stilts and kangaroo boots are two different things.

C. Alexander Boeck is good at stilt walking

D. The invention of the Powerbock was inspired by stilt walking.

3. What does the underlined word "them"in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. Leaptover cars.

B. Talent shows and commercials.

C. Guinness World Records.

D. Extraordinary skills of athleticism.

3. People think the sport should be called "Powerbocking"because _____.

A. it should have a regular name

B. they want to honor its inventor

C. the name has a long history

D. the name sounds most interesting

15. What is this passage mainly about?

A. The way to learn Powerbocking.

B. The advantages of doing exercise.

C. An introduction to Powerbocking.

D. The history of Powerbocking.

6. 用20个词左右概括文章大意

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