问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成文后各题。

美丽的谎言

杨建国

东礁岛上,只有一名老兵和一名新兵。

岛上只有一座航标灯,老兵和新兵日复日、夜复夜地与航标灯为伴,除了守灯,白天只有听单调的海涛声,夜晚只能数满天的星斗。

老兵说,竖耳听涛,睁眼看星,多有诗意。

新兵听涛看星,觉得枯燥无味,百无聊赖。

老兵闲暇之时提笔写涛声、写星斗、写彩云、写海鸥、写轮船、写战舰,新兵觉得挺好玩的,也跟着拿起了笔。

三个月后,老兵的一首小诗《望夜空》在当地的《东礁文艺》上发表了。老兵欣喜若狂,新兵羡慕不已。

老兵的 小诗后面署有“责任编辑兰兰”。新兵好奇地问兰兰是男还是女。

老兵说,当然是女的。

新兵脸一红,嗫嚅着问,漂亮吗?

老兵说,一定漂亮。

一个星期后,老兵亲自去了趟《东礁文艺》编辑部。回来时,老兵兴奋地对新兵说见到了兰兰,兰兰也收到了你的诗稿,兰兰还称赞你的诗写得有激情。

新兵的脸红着问,兰兰一定很漂亮,是吗?

老兵爽快答道:当然。

老兵兴奋地对新兵说,见到了兰兰。

从此新兵感到,彩云绚丽多彩,涛声悦耳动听。新兵盼望满两年兵龄,可以一个月上一次岸,那时就到编辑部去看看兰兰——那一定是个扎着两条羊角辫子,长得白白净净的瓜子脸的俏姑娘。

一天夜里,黑黝黝的天空中霹雳轰鸣,狂风如游龙般乱窜,倾盆大雨直泻东礁岛,整个世界如同染了墨般的漆黑。隐约闪烁的只有那座不知耸立了多少年的航标灯。

新兵被炸雷惊起了床,连唤了几声老兵,不见老兵回应。新兵抓起了手电筒,连雨衣也来不及披就投入了雨幕中,奔向航标灯。

借着时隐时现的闪电,新兵发现了航标灯下斜倚着一个人,跑近了才发现是老兵。

老兵双手紧紧地抓住了一条从机房延伸到航标灯座的电线的另一端。双眼紧闭,脸色苍白,额头上的血水混着雨水直往脸颊下淌。航标灯没有熄,老兵却没有醒过来,新兵如雕塑般呆立在雨中……

东礁岛上多了一座新坟,新坟倚着航标灯。

几个月后,东礁岛上又来了一名新兵。原来的新兵变成了老兵。老兵可以上岸了,他迫不及待的走进了《东礁文艺》编辑部,指名道姓要找名叫兰兰的姑娘。一个年近花甲、老态龙钟的老头操着沙哑的嗓门说,我就是兰兰。

老兵使劲的摇着头,死也不相信他就是兰兰。直到编辑部主任拍着胸口,以人格担保说眼前这个老头就是兰兰时,老兵恍如梦醒般点点头,似自言自语地说,是兰兰,是兰兰。

东礁岛上依旧住着一老一新两个兵。

老兵继续写诗,写涛声,写海鸥、写战舰,还写以前的老兵。

新兵觉得挺好玩的,也跟着写。

有一天,老兵的诗在《东礁文艺》上发表了。小诗的下面依旧署着“责任编辑兰兰”。新兵好奇地问老兵,兰兰是男的还是女的?

老兵说,当然是女的。

新兵脸一红,嗫嚅着问,漂亮吗?

老兵双眼深沉地注视着大海,注视着航标灯,注视着航灯旁的新坟,说,是的,很漂亮……

小题1:下列对小说有关内容的赏析和概括最恰当的两项是(5分)

A.这篇小说塑造了老兵和新兵两个典型形象,歌颂老兵舍已为人、默默奉献的高尚品质,批评新兵缺少生活的情趣。

B.小说中的老兵和新兵形成鲜明的对比。老兵任劳任怨,热爱生活;新兵则害怕困难,缺少责任感。

C.这篇小说非常注重人物的神态描写。精到的神态描写往往意味深长,给人以深思,并将读者带入人物的内心世界,如结尾对老兵的“注视”的神态描写就很有意蕴。

D.这篇小说用“老兵”“新兵”这种代表一类人的名称来称呼人物使小说具有更深层的含义——在祖国的边防有无数这样默默无闻的哨兵,他们一辈地奉献着自己的青春。E.编辑兰兰竟是一个年过花甲的老头,名字和人之间强烈的反差为小说增添了一份也人意料的喜剧之息。

小题2:结合具体事迹,简析第一个老兵的形象。(6分)

小题3:阅读全文,分条简述小说以“美丽的谎言”为题的好处。(6分)

小题4:小说第二部分几乎是第一部分的翻版,这样构思是否有重复单调之嫌?谈谈你的看法。(8分)

答案

小题1:无

小题2:无

小题3:无

小题4:无

填空题

[A] The petitioners argue that repealing the tax will cost the Treasury billions of dollars in lost revenues and will result in either increased taxes in the long run or cuts to Medicare, Social Security, environmental protection and other government programs. Repealing the levy "would enrich the heirs of America’s millionaires and billionaires, while hurting families who struggle to make ends meet," the petition says.

[B] About 120 wealthy Americans had signed or supported a petition to oppose phasing out the tax. President Bush has included the repeal of the tax in his $1.6 trillion tax-cut proposal. Normally when "dozens" of Americans join in a political cause, it is not particularly noteworthy, but in this case the dozens include: George Soros, a billionaire financier; Warren Buffett, an investor listed as America’s fourth-richest person; the philanthropist David Rockefeller Jr. ; and William Gates Sr. , a Seattle lawyer and father of America’s richest man, Microsoft Corp. Chairman Bill Gates.

[C] Buffett and company cite these factors in their petition calling for opposition to the estate-tax repeal. They also discuss something that’s equally emotional and far more complex: the principle of meritocracy. The idea that everyone in America has an equal chance, that our fates are not determined by accidents of birth, is one of our core values. And nowhere is this principle more revered than in the technology economy; entrepreneurship is almost by definition an expression of meritocracy.

[D] Buffett told the Times that repealing the estate tax would be a "terrible mistake" and the equivalent of "choosing the 2020 Olympic team by picking the eldest sons of the gold medal winners in the 2000 Olympics. "

[E] An old brokerage commercial says: "He made his money the old-fashioned way: He earned it." There was a perfect parody of the ad in which the line read: "He made his money the old-fashioned way: He inherited it. " In 20 or 50 or 100 years, which of these lines will be right Buffett and Soros and friends, to their credit, want to help make the first one real. Let’s hope this is only one step in that process.

[F] It was refreshing to see Buffett and George Soros and a number of other extremely wealthy luminaries stand up in opposition to President Bush’s proposed repeal of the estate tax. While the policy has some emotional attractions—it would protect the inheritors of some small businesses from having to sell the companies to pay taxes, and it is true that most people have been taxed on their savings once already—in practice the tax repeal would mainly be a windfall for a very small number of very, very rich people.

[G] President will make his case for his $1.6 trillion tax cut plan, delivering a speech at a community center in St. Louis. The proposal would slash federal tax rates across all levels of income, eliminate the so-called marriage penalty and phase out estate taxes. Democrats complain that the plan—which would cut the top rate from 39 to 33 percent—would disproportionately benefit the wealthy and unnecessarily squander expected budget surpluses. Some of the richest Americans are urging Congress not to repeal the estate tax, The New York Times reported on Wednesday. (Feb. 14)

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