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患者男性，42岁，发现左侧睾丸肿大1周余，大小约5cm×4cm×6cm，有沉重感，无畏寒、发热，无明显触痛。实验室检测：甲胎蛋白(AFP)：458mg/L,(酶联免疫法)，人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)：6306IU／L，胸部X线片及头颅CT未见异常，腹部CT检查提示腹膜后未见肿大淋巴结。

若患者在进行根治性睾丸切除术后3年出现了复发病灶，可行何种治疗（）【提示】患者取组织活检，病理结果提示为非精原细胞瘤。

A.VIP×4疗程

B.TIP×4疗程

C.VeIP×4疗程

D.保留神经的腹膜后淋巴结清扫术

E.远处残余病灶切除术

F.生物治疗

答案

参考答案：A, B, C, D, E, F

问答题 简答题

简述菌种分离筛选的一般步骤。
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单项选择题

Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals (1) they, too, relied’upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans (2) a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating (3) of a disease or (4) the condition of a wound. (5) there was so much that primitive humans did not (6) the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component ofthe beliefs about the causes and cures of heath (7) Therefore it is not (8) that early humans thought that illness was caused (9) evil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to (10) harmful spirit from a diseased body.

One of the. earliest (11) in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought and (12) of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. The writing (13) to him has provided a number of principles underiying modern medical practice. One of his most famous (14) , the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.

Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from a (15) of the natural science and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this (16) thesis, On Air, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being is (17) by the totality of environmental (18) : living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. (19) enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are (20) very much written in twentieth century.

16（）

A.durable

B.classic

C.thorough

D.immediate
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