问题 综合题

(15分)阅读下列材料,回答问题

 材料一

吴国前473年越灭吴蔡国公元前447年,楚灭蔡
莒国公元前431年,楚灭莒巴国公元前316年秦灭巴
越国前306楚国灭越宋国公元前286年齐灭宋
薛国约前278齐、魏共灭薛鲁国公元前249年楚灭鲁
陈登元{国朝旧闻}记:战国时期共发生战争 191次,如果加入内乱,几乎年年战争
材料二 赵武灵王……曰:“吾国东有齐、中山,北有燕、东胡,西有楼烦、秦、韩之边。今无骑射之备,则何以守之哉?……故寡人变服骑射,欲以备四境之难……”于是始出胡服令,而招骑射焉。

材料三 赵武灵王依靠胡服骑射改革后所招募与建立的强大骑兵,在经营胡地的同时,出兵灭掉中山。史称其时山东之国,强莫如赵(《战国策·赵策三》)。赵武灵王胡服骑射改革所获取的巨大成就,在当时产生了巨大影响。

回答下列问题:

(1)结合材料一、二、三请概述赵武灵王的改革。(8分)

(2)赵武灵王的“胡服骑射”虽说效果显著,但终究仅仅是一场军事改革,是不能与秦国的商鞅变法相提并论的。请结合所学知识分析为什么赵武灵王改革不能与商鞅变法相提并论。(7分)

答案

(1)战国兼并战争愈演愈烈,弱肉强势。赵国居于四战之地,边境所存在的严重危机。赵武灵王推行胡服骑射改革,改革使赵国成为军事强国。(8分)

(2)商鞅变法注重对社会全面的变革,承认土地私有制,消除贵族的固有特权,重用贤能,鼓励耕战,从根本上使秦国走上强盛,是标本兼治。造就秦国最终横扫六合确必然之势。(4分)而赵国武灵王胡服骑射仅局限于军事,它没有政治,经济措施与之配套进行,只是治标,决定了赵国在战国后期激烈的兼并战争中充其量也只能是昙花一现。(3分)

(1)结合材料“战国时期共发生战争 191次,如果加入内乱,几乎年年战争...故寡人变服骑射,欲以备四境之难...赵武灵王依靠胡服骑射改革后所招募与建立的强大骑兵,在经营胡地的同时,出兵灭掉中山。赵武灵王胡服骑射改革所获取的巨大成就”可以概述赵武灵王的改革是赵国居于四战之地,边境所存在的严重危机。赵武灵王推行胡服骑射改革,改革使赵国成为军事强国。

(2)考查了改革的比较性认识。一般可以从是否对社会全面的变革、是不是标本兼治、改革是否全面深刻等方面进行比较性认识。

多项选择题
阅读理解

Every afternoon hundreds of thousands of youth fill Internet cafes, switch on a game console (游戏机), or otherwise sit down to enter fantasy worlds. I’m talking about video games. These games can be fun and exciting, but we need to look out when this pastime becomes an addiction.

Games are often quite exciting and dramatic, but they generally aren’t very intellectual. We don’t learn as much from them as we would only reading a book. Spending too much time playing them can take away our study time. We need to remember that we are students first. Nothing should ever get in the way of proper studying.

Video games can also be a bad effect on younger children who may be watching. Many video games are violent and the object in most of them is to kill the other player(s). This does not send the right message to the children who need to be told that violence is not acceptable and need to be taught how to deal with situations maturely. Even if we do need to sit down and play a violent video game, we need to make sure that it is not affect the younger people around us.

Playing a computer game in our spare time is not a bad thing. Games can be a great way to relax after studying, to connect to our friends, or just to help our creativity. However, games should not become the focus of our life. We need to make sure that laying games never interferes with our studies and that we aren’t thinking about them all day. If we ever find ourselves playing them too much, we need to break the addiction. If that happens, we need to step away from the computer or television screen and learn to spend our time more productively.  

小题1:The writer mainly tells the readers __________.

to play computer games every afternoon

not to play computer games too much

not to affect other people while playing games

to spend more time studying

小题2:The writer thinks about computer games all of the following except _________.

A.exciting

B.dramatic

C.intellectual

D.violent小题3:Computer games may have bad effect on younger children because __________.

these children often stay in Internet cafes all day long

children often forget to do their lessons

computer games are often violent

children don’t have enough money to play computer games

小题4:The writer advises computer game players ________.

not to affect younger people around

not to play violent games

never to enter Internet cafes

to teach younger children how to play computer games