问题 问答题 简答题

为什么说当代国际秩序对战后世界经济与政治发展的影响具有双重性?

答案

参考答案:

国际秩序是指以一定世界格局为基础所形成的各国际行为主体之间处理相互关系的行为规范、原则及相应的保障机制的总和。国际秩序通常包括国际规则、国际协议、国际惯例和国际组织等。分为国际经济秩序和国际政治秩序。从某种意义上讲,国际秩序属国际法的范畴,但又有区别,因为它受国际力量对比的制约,特别是世界政治格局的影响和制约。

国际秩序建立迄今已有二三百年的历史了。从近代到二战前,世界已建立三次国际秩序。第一次是威斯特伐利亚秩序。第二次是维也纳秩序。第三次是凡尔赛——华盛顿秩序。二战后在雅尔塔体制基础上确立的是第四次国际秩序。二战从根本上改变了以欧洲为中心的世界政治格局。二战期间,代表世界反法西斯联盟的美、苏、英三大国在以雅尔塔会议为代表的一系列国际会议上就如何结算战争,处理战争遗留问题以及维护战后世界和平等问题,秘密达成了一系列协议。这些协议主要是为了维护美、苏两大国的利益,如何重新划分势力范围,并建立和维护战后国际秩序等。雅尔塔体制的建立,体现了大国的强权政治,也为战后美苏争霸开了先河。自17世纪以来,人类先后建立了四次国际秩序,但从本质上讲都体现了西方主导性和不平等性这两个明显的特征,都属于不公平、不合理的国际秩序。因而,我们都称之为国际旧秩序。冷战后,随着经济全球化和世界多极化两大基本趋势的发展,和广大发展中国家的团结斗争,一些过时的规则、制度已被淘汰,但国际旧秩序仍然存在,基本的框架和机制仍在运作,继续妨碍着发展中国家的发展乃至世界经济的繁荣和国际秩序的稳定发展年。因此改革国际旧秩序、建立国际新秩序已经越来越成为大多数国家的迫切要求。

选择题
完形填空
There are two kinds of reporter-general and specialist. General reporters cover a wide range of new stories, including accidents, conference, crimes, festivals, local politics, strikes and weddings.
Most journalists are __1__ reporters. But some prefer to focus on one subject and only write about that. __2__, the arts, finance, foreign affairs, the law, or sports.
But whether a journalist is “general” or “specialist”, the basic __3__ of reporting is the same.
1.      Researching the story
Who? What? Where? Why? When? How? That’s what a reporter has to __4__ first, and that’s why research is so important. Journalists spend a lot of time __5__ files, visiting libraries, checking facts, making telephone calls. Sometimes they do this __6__, sometimes as part of a team. It’s very boring, but it’s necessary.
2.      Building the story
After the research stage it’s time to make visits (most journalists travel a lot) and interview the people __7__ in the story. In some case this only takes a few hours, but it can take weeks or even months. It __8__ the size of the story.
3.      Writing the story
Journalism always has to complete stories by a specific time __9__ “deadline”. This means that they need to write very __10__. Each story also has to be a specific length. CDBCA;BAAAD
小题1:
A.entertainmentB.specialC.generalD.vigorous
小题2:
A.BesidesB.That isC.No doubtD.For examples
小题3:
A.knowledgeB.processC.descriptionD.technique
小题4:
A.determineB.writeC.find outD.pick up
小题5:
A.readingB.correctingC.copyingD.editing
小题6:
A.togetherB.aloneC.lonelyD.quietly
小题7:
A.involvedB.includedC.happenedD.interested
小题8:
A.depends onB.results inC.relies inD.changes
小题9:
A.orB.andC.byD.without
小题10:
A.vividlyB.carefullyC.accuratelyD.quickly