问题 名词解释

人文主义

答案

参考答案:

“人文主义”一词起源于拉丁语的“人文学”,指与神学相区别的那些人文学科,包括文法、修辞学、历史学、诗学、道德哲学等。到了19世纪,人们开始使用“人文主义”一词来概括文艺复兴时期人文学者对古代文化的发掘、整理、研究工作,以及他们以人为中心的新世界观。人文主义反对中世纪抬高神、贬低人的观点,肯定人的价值、尊严和高贵,反对中世纪神学禁欲主义和末世主义观念,要求人生的享乐和个性的解放,肯定现实生活的意义,反对封建等级观念,主张人的自然平等。人文主义思潮极大推动了西欧各国文化的发展和思想的解放,它做的最大的成就就是“人的发现”。

阅读理解

One fine afternoon, I was walking along Fifth Street when I remembered that it was necessary to buy a pair of socks. Why I wished to buy only one pair was unimportant. I turned into the first sock shop that caught my eye. A boy clerk, who could not have been more than seventeen years old came forward. “What can I do for you, sir?” he said “I wish to buy a pair of socks.” I replied.

His eyes shone. There was a note of excitement in his voice. “Did you know that you had come into the finest place in the world to buy socks?” I had no idea of that, as my entrance had been accidental. “Come with me,” said the boy, eagerly. I followed him to the back of the shop, and he began to pull down box after box from the shelves, showing their contents (内装物)for my choice.

“Hold on, lad” I said “I am going to buy only one pair!” “I know that,” said he, “but I want you to see how beautiful these are. Aren’t they wonderful!” There was on his face an expression of seriousness and pride and delight as if he were showing me the secrets of his religion(宗教信仰). I became far more interested in him than in the socks. I looked at him in surprise. “My friend, ” said I, “if you can keep this up, if this is not merely from having a new job, if you can keep up this high spirit and excitement day after day, in ten years you will own every sock in the United States.”

小题1:What did the writer want to buy one fine afternoon?

A.A pair of shoes.

B.A pair of socks.

C.Two pairs of socks.

D.A set of books.小题2:Which is true according to the passage?

A.The shop was on the Second Road.

B.The boy was 18 years old.

C.The boy was not in high spirits.

D.The writer entered the shop by chance.小题3:What the writer said in the last paragraph means that ______.

A.if you don’t work hard, you will lose the job

B.you should keep on following your customs

C.if you keep up your great interest in your work, you will succeed in the future

D.if you are too hardworking, you will fail

单项选择题