问题 单项选择题 B1型题

柏曼把个体心理发展阶段划分为胸腺时期、松果腺时期、性腺时期,这一划分标准属于()。

A.生理发展标准

B.种系演化标准

C.智力发展标准

D.人格发展特征标准

E.活动特点标准

答案

参考答案:A

解析:目前关于儿童心理发展的主要标准及其代表:①以生理发展为划分标准,最典型的是柏曼(LBerman)关于以内分泌腺作为分期标准的意见,如胸腺时期(幼年时期)、松果腺时期(童年时期)、性腺时期(青年时期)。②以心理性欲为划分标准:弗洛伊德的儿童心理发展阶段,具体划分如下:口唇期(0~1岁)、肛门期(1~3岁)、早期生殖器期(3~6岁)、潜伏期(6~11岁)、青春期(11或13岁开始)。③以种系演化为划分标准,施太伦的分期可以作为代表,他把儿童发展分为:幼儿期(6岁以前)是从哺乳类动物到原始人类的阶段;意识的学习期(从小学到13岁)是人类古老的文化阶段;青年成熟期(14~18岁)是近代文化阶段。④以智力或思维水平为划分标准。皮亚杰的分期可以作为代表。他把儿童心理发展分为:感知运动阶段(0~2岁)、前运算阶段(2~7岁)、具体运算阶段(7~12岁)、形式运算阶段(12~15岁)。⑤以自我的矛盾为划分标准。埃里克森的分期可以作为代表。他把儿童心理发展分为:第一阶段,信任感对怀疑感(0~2岁);第二阶段,自主性对羞怯或疑虑(2~4岁);第三阶段,主动性对内疚(4~7岁);第四阶段,勤奋感对自卑感(7~16岁)。⑥以活动特点为划分标准。艾利康宁和达维多夫的分期可以作为代表。他们把儿童心理发展分为:直接的情绪性交往活动(0~1岁);摆弄实物活动(1~3岁);游戏活动(3~7岁);基本的学习活动(7~11岁);社会有益活动(11~15岁);专业的学习活动(15~17岁)。

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Help Stray (走失的) Animals
We need to raise money to take care of stray dogs and cats. You can also adopt (收养) one if you
like from Mar. 25 to Apr. 15.
Please help!
Animal Center
www. sa-animalfoundation.org
Donate Your Old Clothes!
Do you have clothes you don't wear anymore?
We'll collect them and give them to the poor.
Love Foundation(基金会)
4327-6754
Seventh Grade Food Stand (货摊)
Do you want to enjoy fresh fruit juice and delicious fast food at a low price?
Visit us at the school market on Mar. 15!
Ping-Lin Junior High School
Cool Pet Show
Bring your pet to the talent show at 1 pm on Mar. 22.
Have fun and win big prizes!
Expect to see you!
Redwood City Zoo
根据材料内容,选择最佳选项。
1. Peter who wants to get a pet should go to ______.
A. Animal Center      
B. Redwood City Zoo
C. Love Foundation        
D. Ping-Lin Junior High School
2. Ping-Lin Junior High School' s market is on ______.
A. April 15                  
B. March 25
C. March 22                  
D. March 15
3. Carla who has a lot of old clothes can ______.
A. give them to the stray animals
B. take them to Love Foundation
C. take them to Redwood City Zoo
D. give them to the students from Ping-Lin Junior High School
4. Sally can ______ in order to win big prizes.
A. make her pet cat new clothes
B. take her pet dog for the talent show
C. visit the animals at Animal Center
D. help a student from Ping-Lin Junior High School
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. We can help the poor by donating our old clothes to Love Foundation.
B. Pets can be taken to take part in the talent show at Redwood City Zoo.
C. Whenever we go to Animal Center, we can take one stray dog home.  
D. There is cheap fresh fruit juice at Ping-Lin Junior High School's market.
单项选择题