问题 问答题 简答题

辩证法的基本思想?

答案

参考答案:

(1)从辩证唯物主义和自然科学发展规律出发,主张物质是运动的,各种运动形式间是可以相互转化的;主张以科学知识为基础并在科学思想的高度上进行哲学抽象-自然观。

(2)主张以科学社会学和技术社会学的研究为基础,进而对科学技术与其他社会子系统之间的相互作用做价值论分析,和对科学技术发展的外部动力及其社会控制进行研究,寻找出科技、经济、社会、环境协调发展的基本途径-科学观。

(3)从辩证唯物主义观点出发,着力研究在科学技术活动中普遍使用的各种方法起作用的条件、制约因素以及它们的总体结构,概括和总结当代科学和技术研究活动进行认识论和方法论的抽象,形成对科学技术活动的系统认识-科学方法论。

A、自然观:以各种不同形式相互转化为中心和流动循环的自然观。

B、科学技术方法论:以实验和假说相结合的辨证综合方法论。

C、科学技术观:科学技术是社会生产力的构成因素,它是推动社会经济发展的杠杆。

阅读理解

Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.

The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.

“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.

“Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat.Between the ages of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men ,” said Samantha.“This is part of the ageing process.”

What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one’s.

“This gender (性别)difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women,”said Samantha.They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80, who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease.“The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart,” said Samantha.

But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.

小题1:The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph means “________”.

A.health

B.long life

C.ageing

D.effect小题2:The text mainly talks about ________.

A.men’s heart cells

B.women’s ageing process

C.the gender difference

D.hearts and long life小题3:According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.

A.men have fewer cells than women when they are born

B.women can produce the cells that make the heart beat

C.the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age

D.women will never suffer the loss of pumping power with age小题4:If you want to live a long life, you should ________.

A.enable your heart to beat much faster

B.think about the reason for ageing

C.take regular exercise to keep your heart healthy

D.stop your cells from being lost

单项选择题