问题 问答题 简答题

小李刚参加工作被分配在冷冻库当工人,工作很积极,经常长时间坚持在冷冻库内工作,但几个月后经常出现肌痛和腰痛等病症。请你分析引起小李这些病症的原因。

答案

参考答案:

温度低于人体舒适温度的环境称为低温环境。18℃以下的温度即可视为低温,但对人的工作效率有不利影响的低温,通常是在10℃以下。在低温环境下人体中心体温低于35℃时,即处于过冷状态。低温对人体的影响表现为:一是引起局部冻伤,与人在低温环境中暴露时间长短有关;二是产生全身性影响。人体在低温环境暴露时间不长时,能依靠温度调节系统,使人体深部温度保持稳定。但暴露时间较长时,中心体温逐渐降低,就会出现一系列的低温症状:出现呼吸和心率加快,颤抖等,接着出现头痛等不适反应。当中心体温降到30~33℃时,肌肉由颤抖变为僵直,失去产热的作用,将会发生死亡。长期在低温高湿条件下劳动(如冷冻库工人)易引起肌痛、肌炎、神经痛、神经炎、腰痛和风湿性疾患等。

选择题
完形填空

第一节完形填空 (共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It is so easy for us to overspend our income. Credit cards are    21    to obtain, especially when you pay your bills on time. Companies will try to make you keep    22    until you can’t keep up and then they will make your life very    23   .

You can avoid major    24    in several ways. Have a plan. Set up a budget (预算) with measurable goals and stick to it, which will save you a lot of frustration (沮丧) later. Set up a saving account that you can use only in case of    25   . Set up another account for your    26   . Do it as early as you can and don’t touch it until you retire. Decide which bills are to be paid out of each check and pay those first.

If there is anything left, you can buy groceries, go out to    27    or go to the movies. Consider setting up an account that automatically pays your bills each month so that you don’t have to do it every month. You could have a household account. Have your check deposited in the household account and don’t    28    money out of the household account if the balance falls below the account that you set    29   . In my opinion, it’s wise for you to have health    30   , which can really save you money. As we know, a broken leg can save you $20,000 or more!

21. A. eager            B. easy                    C. fast           D. hard

22. A. charging       B. working           C. studying       D. saving

23. A. colorful          B. unhappy               C. hopeful          D. energetic

24. A. arguments        B. cases             C. problems      D. negotiations

25. A. fire              B. danger           C. emergency    D. disease

26. A. promotion        B. retirement         C. family        D. development

27. A. study           B. walk                  C. eat           D. rest 

28. A. take             B. drive            C. pull          D. keep

29. A. regularly         B. afterwards       C. earlier        D. finally

30. A. guard           B. insurance          C. check         D. information