问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

钩端螺旋体感染可发生黄疸现象,其原因是由于()

A.细胞毒因子作用

B.溶血素作用

C.脂多糖

D.外膜蛋白

E.鞭毛

答案

参考答案:B

解析:钩端螺旋体感染后,其致病作用由大量繁殖的病原菌及其死后释放的毒素、酶或其他代谢物所引起,其中钩体溶血素是一种毒素,其作用类似磷脂酶,能使细胞膜发生溶解。

阅读理解

Human cloning technology could be used to reserve heart attacks. Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged, and other problems may be solved if human cloning and its technology are not forbidden.

With cloning, infertile couples could have children. Current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. Couples go through physical and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before.

We should be able to clone the bone marrow(骨髓) for children and adults suffering from leukemia(白血病). This is expected to be one of the first benefits to come from cloning technology. We may learn how to switch cells on and off through cloning and thus be able to cure cancer.

Cloning technology can be used to test for and perhaps cure gene-related diseases. The above is just a few examples of what human cloning technology can do for mankind. This new technology promises unprecedented (前所未有的)advancement in medicine if people will release their fears and let the benefit begin.

小题1:What does the underlined word “infertile” (paragraph 2) most probably mean?

A.with physical and emotional problems

B.short of time and money

C.unable to give birth to children

D.separated from each other for a long time小题2:According to the text, one of the first expected benefits from cloning technology is in ______.

A.the treatment of mental diseases

B.the reserve of heart diseases

C.the cure of gene-related diseases

D.the bearing of babies小题3:According to the writer, the main problem with the development of human cloning technology is that__________.

A.it has brought about benefits so far

B.it may be out of human control

C.people still know little about it

D.people are afraid of such technology

问答题 案例分析题

某机电安装公司总承包了一个炼油厂新建装置安装工程,装置安装工程内容包括:机械设备安装;工艺设备包括28台重30~120t的塔、器类设备的吊装;油、气和其他介质的工艺及系统管道安装;电气仪表、给排水、防腐绝热工程及露天照明等。机电安装公司具有特种设备安装改造维修许可证1级许可资格。新建装置位于一个正常运行的液化石油气罐区的东侧,北侧隔路与轻石油罐区相邻。根据工程现场情况,机电安装公司组建了现场施工项目部,建立了项目部风险管理组,制定了风险控制措施,落实了施工现场的风险控制。

施工开始后,发生了下列事件:

事件1:有一台高度为60m的大型分馏塔,属于Ⅱ类压力容器,分三段到货,需要在现场进行组焊安装。机电安装公司项目部拟采用在基础由下至上逐段组对吊装的施工方法,并为此编制了分馏塔组对焊接施工方案。在分馏塔着手施工时,项目监理工程师认为机电安装公司不具备分馏塔的现场组焊安装资格,要求项目暂停施工。

事件2:工艺管道焊后经射线探伤发现,焊接合格率偏低。项目部组织人员按质量预控的施工因素进行了分析。经查验,工艺文件已按程序审批,并进行了技术交底。查出的问题有:个别焊工合格证的许可项目与实际施焊焊道不符;焊接记录中有部分焊材代用,焊缝外观检查有漏检,部分焊机性能较差。根据分析结果,找出了失控原因,经整改后焊接合格率得到了提高。

露天照明工程完工后,项目部进行了通电试灯,照明电器验收合格,安全和使用功能的检验检测记录齐全。工程项目全部完工后,项目部进行了风险后评价,对已完成的项目进行分析、检查和总结,并交工验收。

本工程应进行重点风险识别的作业有哪些?