问题 问答题 简答题

简析吴组缃小说的思想和艺术。

答案

参考答案:

吴组缃是左联时期的小说家,其创作倾向与“左联”作家相似,有短篇小说集《西柳集》、《饭余集》。小说多以皖南农村为背景,写出了农村急剧破产下世道的浇漓与农民的疾苦。代表作《一千八百担》写大旱之年宋氏家族各房家长的一次聚会,为义庄的一千八百担谷子而展开勾心斗角的争夺,最后佃户冲进祠堂抢粮,使各人的妄想成泡影。小说的特点在于人物描写,以人物对话作为表现性格的主要手段,通过对话将二十个左右不同身分、性格的人物显示出来,把农村破产下萧条动荡骚乱的社会生活和封建宗法制度的分崩离析表现出来,具有现实主义深度。另一代表作《樊家铺》写灾荒年月青年农民因走投无路而抢劫财物被捕,妻子为营救丈夫筹钱在烦乱恍惚中竟砸死自己小有私蓄的母亲。这个逆伦惨案写得惊心动魄,把处于生活绝境中的农民变常心态揭示得深刻细腻。另一代表作《篆竹山房》以环境气氛的描写渲染为主要手段,对“嫁殇婚”这一封建婚俗当事女子的惨苦命运和极度痛苦、枯寂的心灵,作了别开生面、震撼人心的描写。吴组缃的短篇小说写出了农村破产下农村各阶层人物(主要是农民)为救出自己而作的种种努力,人们的心理变迁和道德变迁的真实过程,是极精当的世态小说。

吴组缃的长篇小说《鸭嘴崂》(后改名《山洪》)写抗战初期皖南山区生活,通过主人公章三官的转变,表现农民在抗战烽火中的觉醒。章三官朴实粗野,出于民族意识参加了新四军,部队政治思想教育使他提高了对抗战的认识。小说表现了觉醒的民众有势如山洪的伟力,是抗战胜利希望所在。吴组缃小说的艺术特色,一是人物描写,非常擅长以个性化的人物语言刻画人物性格,也能细致地描写人物心理,以及用环境气氛的渲染烘托表现人物心灵;二是文学语言既个性化,又生活化,适当地选用方言、口语,语言具有地方风味;三是富于安徽地方色彩,人物、景色、民风习俗都有浓郁的安徽乡土气息。

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     What would I do for Carol's 50th birthday? It was __1__ that she didn't want a party, certainly not
a surprise party(that was an agreement at our marriage). 
     "How about a small dinner with __2__?" I asked.
     "No, " she said, "I hate being the center of __3__."
     Still, the milestone had to be marked. __4__ wasn't going to let her get away with a Stouffer's frozen
dinner and a movie video, __5__ was all she said she wanted.
     I thought and thought, and __6__ making my decision, I sent a letter to her friends, asking them for
photos, poems, and letters. "Carol doesn't __7__ a party in person…but I'm hoping to __8__ her a
party in a book." I bought a(n)__9__ with a friend's advice, and what I wanted  10   . For a few minutes
at the end of every workday, I   11   pull out the marking pens and make up the  12  ,  Carol's.
     Photos of her in junior high, pictures of us   13    the boys, original songs, notes, cards, and poems.
It made me   14   for all the years we had had together. The   15   was more than the album. It was the
friendship and love she had given to me, to our kids and to all her friends and family. You could   16   it
on every page.
     I wrapped it up and   17   it home. "Happy birthday, sweetie, " I said. "It's not a frozen dinner or a
video, but it's   18   you deserve." She cried. She doesn't   19   like to cry, but I think she likes the book.
She's said so many times. And every time I remind her   20   putting it together was a gift to me.
( )1. A. amazing  
( )2. A. neighbours
( )3. A. attention
( )4. A. She      
( )5. A. for      
( )6. A. before    
( )7. A. want      
( )8. A. make      
( )9. A. album    
( )10. A. went on  
( )11. A. could    
( )12. A. decision
( )13. A. for      
( )14. A. grateful
( )15. A. meaning  
( )16. A. count    
( )17. A. took    
( )18. A. how      
( )19. A. normally
( )20. A. whether  
B. clear      
B. children  
B. comment    
B. It        
B. that      
B. after      
B. have      
B. choose    
B. novel      
B. poured in  
B. should    
B. story      
B. around    
B. worried    
B. gift      
B. read      
B. sent      
B. why        
B. merely    
B. that      
C. unusual    
C. friends    
C. view        
C. He          
C. which      
C. when        
C. hold        
C. find        
C. mirror      
C. turned back
C. would      
C. mind        
C. with        
C. nervous    
C. party      
C. express    
C. placed      
C. which      
C. really      
C. when        
D. important      
D. classmates    
D. interest      
D. I              
D. when          
D. once          
D. attend        
D. give          
D. overcoat      
D. got away      
D. might          
D. book          
D. except        
D. special        
D. world          
D. improve        
D. packed        
D. what          
D. obviously      
D. who            
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