问题 单项选择题

已知氧化还原电对:

选择一种氧化剂,在标准状态下能将上面三个电对中的还原态氧化成其氧化态()。

 

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

答案

参考答案:C

解析:标准电极电势高的可以将低的氧化成其氧化态。故选(C)。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,回答问题。

捅马蜂窝

冯骥才

爷爷的后院虽小,它除去堆放杂物,很少人去,里边的花木从不修剪,快长疯了;枝叶纠缠,荫影深浓,却是鸟儿、蝶儿、虫儿们生存和嬉戏的一片乐土,也是我儿时的乐园。我喜欢从那爬满青苔的湿漉漉的大树干上,取下又轻又薄的蝉衣,从土里挖出筷子粗的蚯蚓,把团团飞舞的小蜢虫驱赶到蜘蛛网上去。那沉甸甸压弯枝条的海棠果,个个都比市场买来的大。这里,最壮观的要属爷爷窗檐下的马蜂窝了,好像倒垂的一只大莲蓬,无数金黄色的马蜂爬进爬出,飞来飞去,不知忙些什么,大概总有百十只之多,以致爷爷不敢开窗子,怕它们中间哪个冒失鬼一头闯进屋来。

“真该死,屋子连透透气儿也不能,哪天请人来把这马蜂窝捅下来!”奶奶总为这个马蜂窝生气。

“不行,要蜇死人的!”爷爷说。

“怎么不行?拿竹竿一捅就下来了。”奶奶反驳道。

“捅不得,捅不得。”爷爷连连摇手。

我站在一旁,心里却涌出一种捅马蜂窝的强烈渴望。那多有趣!当我给这个淘气的欲望鼓动得难以抑制时,就找来妹妹,趁着爷爷午睡的当儿,悄悄溜到从走廊通往后院的小门口。我脱下褂子蒙住头顶,用扣上衣扣儿的前襟遮盖下半张脸,只露一双眼。又把两根竹竿接绑起来,做为捣毁马蜂窝的武器。我和妹妹约定好,她躲在门里,把住关口,待我捅下马蜂窝,赶紧开门放我进来,然后把门关住。

妹妹躲在门缝后边,眼瞧我这非凡而冒险的行动。我开始有些迟疑,最后还是好奇战胜了胆怯。当我的竿头触到蜂窝的一刹那,好像听到爷爷在屋内呼叫,但我已经顾不得别的,一些受惊的马蜂轰地飞起来,我赶紧用竿头顶住蜂窝使劲摇撼两下,只听“嗵”,一个沉甸甸的东西掉下来,跟着一团黄色的飞虫腾空而起,我扔掉竿子往小门那边跑,谁料到妹妹害怕,把门在里边插上,她跑了,将我关在门外。我一回头,只见一只马蜂径直而凶猛地朝我扑来,好像一架燃料耗尽、决心相撞的战斗机。这复仇者不顾一死而拼死的气势使我惊呆了。我抬手想挡住脸,只觉眉心像被针扎似的剧烈地一疼,挨蜇了!我捂着脸大叫。不知道谁开门把我拖进屋。

当夜,我发了高烧。眉心处肿起一个枣大的疙瘩,自己都能用眼瞧见。家里人轮番用了醋、酒、黄酱、万金油和凉手巾,也没能使我那肿疱迅速消下去。转天请来医生,打针吃药,七八天后才渐渐复愈。这一下蛰得好不轻呢!我生病也没有过这么长时间,以致消肿后的几天里不敢到那通向后院的小走廊上去,生怕那些马蜂还守在小门口等着我。

过了些天,惊恐稍定,我去爷爷的屋子,他不在,隔窗看见他站在当院里,摆手招唤我去,我大着胆子去了,爷爷手指窗根处叫我看,原来是我捅掉的那个蜂窝,却一只马蜂也不见了,好像一只丢弃的干枯的大莲蓬头。爷爷又指了指我的脚下,一只马蜂!我惊吓得差点叫起来,慌忙跳开。

“怕什么,它早死了!”爷爷说。.

仔细瞧,噢,原来是死的。仰面朝天躺在地上,几只黑蚂蚁在它身上爬来爬去。爷爷说:“这就是蜇你那只马蜂。马蜂就是这样,你不惹它,它不蜇你。它要是蜇了你,自己也就死了。”“那它干嘛还要蜇我呢,它不就完了吗?”“你毁了它的家,它当然不肯饶你。它要拼命的。”爷爷说。

我听了心里暗暗吃惊。一只小虫竟有这样的激情和勇气。低头再瞧瞧这只马蜂,微风吹着它,轻轻颤动,好似活了一般。我不禁想起那天它朝我猛扑过来时那副视死如归的架式;与毁坏它们生活的人拼出一死,真像一个英雄……我面对这壮烈牺牲的小飞虫的尸体,似乎有种罪孽感沉重地压在心上。

那一窝马蜂呢,无家可归的一群呢,它们还会不会回来重建家园?我甚至想用胶水把这只空空的蜂窝粘上去。

这一年,我经常站在爷爷的后院里,始终没有等来一只马蜂。

转年开春,有两只马蜂飞到爷爷的窗檐下,落到被晒暖了的木窗框上,然后还在去年的旧窝的残迹上爬了一阵子,跟着飞去而不再来。空空又是一年。

第三年,风和日丽之时,爷爷忽叫我抬头看,隔着窗玻璃看见窗檐下几只赤黄色的马蜂忙来忙去。在这中间,我忽然看到,一个小巧的、银灰色的——第一间蜂窝已经筑成了。

于是,我和爷爷面对面开颜而笑,笑得十分舒心。我不由得暗暗告诉自己:再不做一件伤害旁人的事。

小题1:给下列词语中划线的字注音。(2分)

(1)青(   ) (2)窗(   ) (3)摇(   ) (4)那(   )

小题2:“捅马蜂窝”这个词语,我们在日常生活中也会用到,你能说说它的意思吗?(2分)

小题3:选文开篇为我们描绘了一个花木丛生,鸟虫嬉戏的乐园,这就是爷爷家的后院。作者写捅马蜂窝,为什么要先描写爷爷家的后院?(3分)

小题4:为了捅马蜂窝,“我”做了哪些准备?可见“我”是个怎样的孩子?(4分)

小题5:选文中,围绕马蜂窝而产生“我”的心理和情感变化,像一条线牵动着故事的发展,揭示文章的主旨。你能用精炼的词语概括出作者的心理变化吗?(请将词语填写在横线处)(4分)

听到爷爷奶奶的对话,“我”对捅马蜂窝充满了         ,当准备好真的要去捅马蜂窝时,又有些            ,不过这种心理还是被强烈的渴望战胜了……病愈后“我”在爷爷的陪伴下来到后院,初见到地上的马蜂,内心十分             。后来,爷爷的一番话使“我”恍然大悟,因为自己伤害了马蜂而心生            ,于是期盼着马蜂再来做窝。直至看到马蜂重建家园,“我”终于舒心地笑了。

小题6:请品读“我一回头,只见一只马蜂径直而凶猛地朝我扑来,好像一架燃料耗尽、决心相撞的战斗机”一句。作者把“马蜂”比作“战斗机”,两者有何相似之处?这个比喻形象地写出了马蜂怎样的状态?(3分)

小题7:马蜂窝中有百十来只马蜂,为什么选文只重点写了一只?(2分)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Laws that would have ensured pupils from five to 16 received a full financial education got lost in the

'wash up'. An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.

     At school the children are taught to add up and subtract (减法) but, extraordinarily, are not routinely

shown how to open a bank account-let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and

demanding world. 

     Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces

to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum

in England. Children from five to 16 should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions,

they say. And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children, Schools and Families bill that was shelved

by the government in the so-called "wash-up" earlier this month-the rush to legislation before parliament

was dismissed. Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most

frustrating omissions of the curriculum.

     As the Personal Finance Education Group (Pfeg) points out, the good habits of young children do not

last long. Over 75% of seven- to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to 17, over half of them

are in debt to family and friends. By this age, 26% see a credit card or overdraft (透支) as a way of extending

their spending power. Pfeg predicts that these young people will"find it much harder to avoid the serious

unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents' generation unless they receive good quality

financial education while at school."

     The UK has been in the worst financial recession (衰退) for generations. It does seem odd that-unless

parents step in-young people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced to the world of debt when

they turn up at university. In a recent poll of over 8,000 people, 97% supported financial education in schools,

while 3% said it was a job for parents.

1. The passage is mainly about _____.

A. how to manage school lessons

B. how to deal with the financial crisis

C. teaching young people about money

D. teaching students how to study effectively

2. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that _____.

A. the author complains about the school education

B. pupils should not be taught to add up and subtract

C. students have been taught to manage their finances

D. laws on financial education have been effectively carried out

3. The website and the consumer campaigner joined to _____.

A. instruct the pupils to donate their pocket money

B. promote the connection of schools and families

C. ask the government to dismiss the parliament

D. appeal for the curriculum of financial education

4. According to Pfeg, _____.

A. it is easy to keep good habits long

B. teenagers spend their money as planned

C. parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids

D. it will be in trouble if the teenagers are left alone

5. A poll is mentioned to _____.

A. stress the necessity of the curriculum reform

B. show the seriousness of the financial recession

C. make the readers aware of burden of the parents

D. illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal