问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

患者男,20岁。咽痛、咳嗽、发热,1周后发现尿色红,眼睑水肿,尿量1000ml/24h。体检:全身皮肤未见皮疹,血压150/100mmHg。化验:尿蛋白(++),红细胞50~60个/HP,血清蛋白32g/L,血肌酐123μmol/L。

诊断为()

A.急性链球菌感染后肾炎

B.急性肾盂肾炎

C.过敏性紫癜

D.系统性红斑狼疮

E.急进性肾小球肾炎

答案

参考答案:A

解析:1.根据患者尿色红,红细胞50~60个/HP,尿蛋白(++),眼睑水肿,血压150/100mmHg。血尿,蛋白尿,水肿,高血压,且有上呼吸道感染史,故考虑急性链球菌感染后肾炎。若为急进性肾小球肾炎,则应出现早期少尿或无尿。因此本题选A。2.急性链球菌感染后肾炎的治疗以休息及对症治疗为主。包括一般治疗(休息、低盐饮食),控制感染灶,对症治疗(利尿消肿、降血压),透析治疗,无须补充清蛋白。因此本题选E。3.凡是急性肾炎伴肾功恶化,需考虑急进性肾炎,应行肾活检。患者治疗2个月后,病情无好转,血肌酐继续升高,故需进行肾穿刺活检。因此本题选B。

阅读理解

In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They declare that if more people rode bicycles to work, there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown part of the city and so less dirty air from car engines.

For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bicycle riders. For example. They want the city to draw special lanes for bicycles only on some of the main streets, because when bicycle riders must use the same lanes as cars, there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes.

But no bicycle lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea-they say it will slow the traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don’t like the idea-they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business.

The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park-the largest place of open ground in New York-is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.

小题1:In New York, a group of bike riders ________.

A.are keeping practicing for health

B.have no cars of their own

C.are complaining there are not enough buses

D.are trying to settle the problem of air pollution小题2:The advantage of the special lanes is that ________.

A.they will make cars and buses run slowly

B.they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks

C.they will make the city more beautiful

D.the lanes will prevent accidents小题3:The government has not decided whether special lanes should be drawn _______.

A.so that everyone is disappointed

B.because there are different opinions

C.because most people travel by train

D.because Bike for a Better City is not strong enough小题4:Cars are not permitted to enter Central Park on weekends _________.

A.so that Bike for a Better City is pleased

B.so that everyone is happy

C.and bicycle lanes are drawn

D.but Bike for a Better City is still not satisfied

单项选择题 A1/A2型题