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问题 单项选择题 B1型题

作用于外周神经末梢而止咳药物是（）

A.半夏

B.紫菀

C.桔梗

D.苦杏仁

E.柴胡

答案

参考答案：B

综合题

阅读下列材料：

材料一 雅典民主政治开启了西方民主政治的先河，对人类文明的发展产生了积极影响。

——《卓尔不群的雅典》

材料二 当资本主义经济在封建社会内部逐渐发展起来时，“详细拟定的罗马法便立即得到恢复并重新取得威信”。……即使在英国，为了私法（特别是其中关于动产的那一部分）的进一步发展，也不得不参照罗马法的诸原则。

——《马克思恩格思选集》

请回答：

（1）举出对雅典民主政治发展作出卓越贡献的三个历史人物。

（2）据材料一和所学知识雅典民主政治对雅典和世界各产生了怎样的重大影响？

（3）据材料二和所学知识指出罗马法的核心内容并简要分析罗马法的历史作用及其影响。
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单项选择题

Questions 21～25


While other members of my team explored the wreck of a small Greek merchant ship that sank off the Turkish coast more than 2,400 years ago, I hovered above them in a submarine. One diver, an archaeologist, placed an amphora, or two-handled jar, inside a lifting basket. Another vacuumed sediment from the site by fanning sand into the mouth of a nearly vertical pipe. Two more were taking measurements, carefully, but of necessity quickly, for at this depth each diver had only 20 minutes to complete the morning’s assigned task. Any longer, and they would require lengthy medical treatment, to avoid the divers’ ailment known as the bends.
In four decades of diving on shipwrecks, I’ d been too engrossed in carrying out similar tasks to think of the families whose loved ones may have disappeared long ago. I had always concentrated on the technical features of my trade. I had stopped diving regularly 15 years before this exploration, turning over the bulk of the underwater work to a younger generation, but I continue to make inspection dives on most wrecks we excavate.
This was not just any wreck. Although I’ve been involved in uncovering the remains of much older ships, and of more than a hundred ancient shipwrecks along the Turkish coast. I had never even seen a wreck from the fifth century BC. Preliminary photographs of the cargo dated it to the third quarter of the century, during the Golden Age of classical Greece. Athens, then as now the major city in Greece, controlled an empire stretching from one side of the Aegean Sea to the other. None of this would have been possible without naval might and maritime commerce.
During our three-year exploration of the wreck we excavated examples of nearly every type of jar that the classical Greeks made for wine or water. Many types might have been used as tableware by the ship’s crew, but they were far in excess of what would have been required. We concluded therefore that they must have been cargo. We also discovered in the seabed two marble discs, which we guessed were the ship’s eyes. It has long been known from vase paintings that classical Greek ships—like those from other cultures—had eyes to give them life or help them see their way through the waves. Although warships were known to have had naturalistic marble eyes attached to them, most scholars assumed that the eyes on more modest merchant ships were depicted as simple circles painted onto the sides of the vessel.
Did the sailors who depended on these eyes for safety survive the ship’s last voyage They could have lived through the actual sinking. The ship was less than a hundred yards from land when it sank, so they might have swum towards the shore. And we know from Greek literature that some ships had lifeboats. But proximity to land and having lifeboats are no guarantee of safety. Even if some had swum to shore, it’s hard to imagine that many managed to crawl up on the exposed and sharp rocks while being smashed by waves like those that almost certainly sank their ship.

What point does the writer make about the exploration in the first paragraph ______

A. It was most effective when carried out by a small team.
B. It required each diver to possess a variety of skills.
C. It had to take into account risks to the divers.
D. It had been made easier by technological developments.
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