问题 填空题

在一定条件下,RO3 n-和 I- 发生的离子方程式如下:

RO3 n-+ 6I- + 6H+ ="=" R- + 3I2 + 3H2O

(1) RO3n-中R元素的化合价是_____________

(2) R元素的原子最外层电子数是________。

答案

+5、7

(1)根据离子反应电核守恒思想,可以推断反应前的离子所带电核总数为-1(因为反应后离子所带电核总数为-1)。又因为I-与H+离子所带电核总数为之和为0,因此RO3n-所带电核数为-1,因此n=1。于是可以推断RO3n-中R的化合价为+5;(2)由于R-只带一个单位负电核,说明R原子只能得到一个电子。因此R最外层电子数为7。 

阅读理解

Peter's uncle lived in the country. Once Peter went to stay with him for a few weeks. When they went for a walk or for a drive in the car and they passed somebody ,his uncle waved. Peter was surprised and said, “Uncle George, you know everybody here. Where did you meet them all?”

“I don't know all these people,” said his uncle                

“Then why do you wave to them?” asked Peter.                 

“Well, Peter,” answered his uncle, “when I wave to someone and he knows me, he is happy. He goes on his journey with a happier heart. But when I wave to some one and he doesn't know me, he is surprised and says to himself, ‘Who is that man? Why did he wave to me?’ So he has something to think about during the rest of his journey, and that makes his journey seem shorter. So I make everyone happy.

小题1:Peter was surprised that his uncle _______

A.waved to everybody they passed

B.knew everybody there

C.said hello to everyone

D.didn't know all the people they passed小题2:“I don't know all these people” means ________.

A.I know none of these people

B.I know some of these people

C.I don't know any of these people

D.I know most of these people小题3:When Uncle George waved to his friends, they became ________.

A.worried

B.happy

C.sad

D.surprised小题4:Some people didn't know Uncle George. When he waved to them, they ________.

A.became angry with him

B.thought that he must be a friend

C.thought why he was waving to them

D.didn't look at him小题5:Uncle George waved to everyone so that ________.

A.he could make some more friends

B.he could surprise everyone

C.everyone would remember him

D.he would make everyone happy

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《曹刿论战》一文,完成问题。

  十年春,齐师伐我。公将战,曹刿请见。其乡人曰:“肉食者谋之,又何间焉?”刿曰:“肉食者鄙,未能远谋。”乃入见。问:“何以战?”公曰:“衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。”对曰:“小惠未徧,民弗从也。”公曰:“牺牲玉帛,弗敢加也,必以信。”对曰:“小信未孚,神弗福也。”公曰:“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情。”对曰:“忠之属也,可以一战。战则请从。”

  公与之乘,战于长勺。公将鼓之,刿曰:“未可。”齐人三鼓,刿曰:“可矣。”齐师败绩。公将驰之,刿曰:“未可。”下视其辙,登轼而望之,曰:“可矣。”遂逐齐师。

  既克,公问其故。对曰:“夫战,勇气也。一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。彼竭我盈,故克之。夫大国,难测也,惧有伏焉。吾视其辙乱,望其旗靡,故逐之。”

1、下列加粗词词义相同的一组是(   )

A、何战    河曲智叟亡

B、公问其   虽有名马

C、肉食者之  陛下亦宜自

D、又间焉   此为若人

2、翻译句子。

①公与之乘,战于长勺。译:________________________________________________

②小信未孚,神弗福也。译:________________________________________________

3、曹刿与“其乡人”的对话是否多余?请说说你的见解。

__________________________________________________________________________

4、试从齐、鲁双方分析长勺之战“齐师败绩”的原因。

__________________________________________________________________________