问题 单项选择题 A2型题

病人发生绞窄性肠梗阻时,其病理生理改变中错误的是()

A.脱水

B.有效循环血量减少

C.严重的代谢性碱中毒

D.大量毒素吸收

E.最终发生肠坏死和穿孔

答案

参考答案:C

解析:绞窄性肠梗阻可导致体液大量流失,可引起低钠血症和低钾血症;肠绞窄存在,更丢失大量血液,引起低血容量和缺氧状况下酸性代谢物剧增,加之缺水、少尿可引起严重的代谢性酸中毒,故本题选C;绞窄性肠梗阻可导致大量毒素吸收,最终发生肠坏死和穿孔,故A、B、D、E可排除。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

        This sad story happened on a cold winter evening. It was so cold and snow was falling so heavily that

the roads were covered with ice and a strong wind was blowing. Being outside in such weather was very

unwise. However, Peter Lee had to walk home from work. Peter walked with difficulty along a country road,

the cold wind beating against his chest. He thought, "If I wear my coat backwards, maybe, it will be a little bit

warmer for me." He stopped walking, took off his coat, and put it on backwards. "That's much better,"  he

said to himself happily. Walking on through the thickly falling snow, he was thinking about drinking a cup of

warm coffee by the burning fireplace.

       A few minutes later, a car knocked down Peter. The driver hadn't seen him soon enough. When he tried

his best to put on the brakes (刹车), the car skidded (打滑) on the icy road. The frightened driver got out of

the car and ran to see how the poor man was.

       After a while, a police car arrived. A policeman went up to see Mr Lee who was lying on the ground. He

told the driver, "I'm afraid he's dead."

      The driver was so surprised. "This can't be the case, because I hardly touched him. Check my car carefully. There's not a mark on it."

      The policeman said, "I'm sure he's dead."

      "It's impossible," the driver said anxiously." As soon as I hit him, I ran to help him. He was lying on the

road, but he was breathing and there was no blood."

      "Did you touch him?" the policeman asked.

      "Yes, but only to turn his head around the right way," the driver answered.

1. Why did the writer say this story was a sad one?

A. It was rather cold that day.

B. Snow was falling heavily that day.

C. The man in the story was made dead by mistake.

D. An accident happened on the road.

2. According to the writer, Peter Lee _______.

A. was wise

B. didn't need to walk home in such bad weather

C. was in bad need of going home

D. had difficulty in finding the road leading to his home

3. Peter Lee wore his coat backwards _______.

A. to keep himself a little bit warmer

B. to help walk forward more easily

C. not to let others know him

D. not to let the cold wind blow

4. The driver failed to see Peter Lee soon enough, ______.

A. so the car skidded on the icy road

B. so he tried his best to put on the brakes

C. and he had to get out of the car

D. so his car knocked him down

5. What did the driver do to make Peter Lee die? 

A. He touched him carefully.

B. He turned his head around the right way.

C. He helped him to sit up.

D. He turned him over gently.

问答题 简答题