问题 问答题 案例分析题

ABC公司是一家中等规模的汽车配件生产集团。最近,对该公司的三个重要部门经理进行了一次有关领导类型的调查。一、安西尔安西尔对他本部门的产出感到自豪。他总是强调对生产过程、出产量控制的必要性,坚持下属人员必须很好地解生产指令以得到迅速、完整、准确的反馈。安西尔遇到小问题时,会放手交给下级去处理,当问题很严重时,他则委派几个有能力的下属人员去解决问题。通常情况下,他只是大致规定下属人员的工作方针、完成怎样的报告及完成期限。安西尔认为只有这样才能导致更好的合作,避免重复工作。安西尔认为对下属人员采取敬而远之的态度对一个经理来说是最好的行为方式,所谓的“亲密无间”会松懈纪律。所安西尔说,在管理中的最大问题是下级不愿意接受责任。他讲到,他的下属人员可以有机会做许多事情,但他们并不是很努力地去做。他表示不能理解以前他的下属人员如何能与一个毫无能力的前任经理相处,他说,他的上司对他们现在的工作运转情况非常满意。二、鲍勃鲍勃认为每个员工都有 * * ,他偏重于管理者有义务和责任去满足员工需要的学说,他说,他常为他的员工做一些小事,如给员工两张下月在伽里略城举行的艺术展览的入场券。他认为,每张门票才15美元,但对员工和他的妻子来说却远远超过15美元。通过这种方式,也是对员工过去几个月工作的肯定。鲍勃说,他每天都要到工厂去一趟,与至少25%的员工交谈。鲍勃不愿意为难别人,他认为艾的管理方式过去死板,艾的员工也许并不那么满意,但除了忍耐别无他法。鲍勃说,他已经意识到在管理中有不利因素,但大都是由于生产压力造成的。他的想法是以一个友好、粗线条的管理方式对待员工。他承认尽管在生产率上不如其他单位,但他相信他的雇员有高度的忠诚与士气,并坚持他们会因他的开明领导而努力工作。三、查里查里说他面临的基本问题是与其他部门的职责分工不清。他认为不论是否属于他们的任务都安排在他的部门,似乎上级并不清楚这些工作应该谁做。查里承认他没有提出异议,他说这样做会使其他部门的经理产生反感。他们把查里看成是朋友,而查里却不这样认为。查里说过去在不平等的分工会议上,他感到很窘迫,但现在适应了,其他部门的领导也不以为然了。查里认为纪律就是使每个员工不停地工作,预测各种问题的发生。他认为作为一个好的管理者,没有时间像鲍勃那样握紧每一个员工的手,告诉他们正在从事一项伟大的工作。他相信如果一个经理声称为了决定将来的提薪与晋职而对员工的工作进行考核,那么,员工则会更多地考虑他们自己,由此而产生很多问题。他主张,一旦给一个员工分配了工作,就让他以自己的方式去做,取消工作检查。他相信大多数员工知道自己把工作做得怎么样。如果说存在问题,那就是他的工作范围和职责在生产过程中发生的混淆。查理的确想过,希望公司领导叫他到办公室听听他对某些工作的意见。然而,他并不能保证这样做不会引起风波而使情有所改变。他说他正在考虑这些问题。

你认为这三个部门经理各采取什么领导方式?试预测这些模式各将产生什么结果?

答案

参考答案:

1.安西尔的领导方式充分地体现了对生产的关心,是以生产为中心的领导方式。这种领导方式可能产生较高的工作效率,但员工的士气可能比较低。

2.与安西尔相反,鲍勃的领导方式则充分体现了对人的高度关心,是以人为中心的领导方式。这种领导方式虽然不能带来像任务型管理都那样的生产高效率,但因为组织气氛舒畅而友好,能提高员工的忠诚度和士气。

3.查里对人和生产这两方面都表现出了适度关心,采取的是比较折中的领导方式:一方面,要清晰地界定每一位员工的工作范围和职责;另一方面,充分信任和尊重员工,取消工作检查。查理的领导方式可以在生产效率和员工士气之间取得较好的平衡。

阅读理解

It is men’s nature to live together in families and tribes(部落), and cities and nations, and therefore men have learned to prize those qualities in each other which make social life the happiest and best.

Of these qualities one of the most important is sympathy-fellow-feeling. If a man had no fellow-feeling, we should call him “inhuman”; he would be no true man. We think so much of this quality that we call a kind man “human”-that is, man-like in his conduct, first to other men, and afterwards to all living things.

If you are cruel to animals, you are not likely to be kind or thoughtfull to men; and if you are thoughtful towards men, you are not likely to be cruel and thoughtful towards animals. This is why the wise man of old wrote, “The merciful man is merciful to his beast.”

What a pleasure it is also to be loved by our pets or domestic animals; and to feel that we are caring for them and are deserving of their love; or to watch the ways of wild creatures, and gradually to make friends with them!

Treating animals kindly does not mean that we must never inflict any pain on them. We ourselves are trained by pains as well as by pleasures; so too, punishment is sometimes needed to train our dogs and horses to obey us. We endure pains at the hands of the surgeon, to cure some wound or to heal some disease; so too, animals must submit to being doctored.

We send out our bravest men to face wounds, sickness and death, for the good of the nation; so too, we let our horses share the risk of battle. For similar reasons, we cannot hesitate to destroy dangerous creatures like wolves and show senseless ferocity(残忍). It is no excuse to say that these animals deserve to be treated cruelly on account of their own cruelty. They are not really cruel, for they tear and kill not from love of unkindness, but because they must do so in order to live.

小题1:One of the most important qualities of men is fellow-feeling because      .

A.you are likely to be cruel and thoughtful without it

B.a man would be inhuman without it

C.men can’t bear any pain on themselves and animals

D.only sympathy makes a man man-like in his conduct小题2:The author would probably agree with the following EXCEPT that   .

A.we must never force any pain on animals

B.some people have to kill some animals in order to live

C.it is human for a doctor to cut off some part from the animals

D.wise men are not only good to men but also to animals小题3:What do you think is the title of the passage?

A.Loving your pet.

B.Fellow-feeling.

C.Making friends with animals.

D.Kindness to animals.小题4:Which of the following is inhuman according to the writer?

A.To treat animals cruelly because they are cruel.

B.To train animals.

C.To destroy some of the dangerous animals.

D.To make animals submit to being doctored.小题5:The underlined word “inflict” here means      .

A.make sb/sth suffer

B.forbid

C.punish

D.avoid

单项选择题