问题 读图填空题

在生物化学反应中,当底物与酶的活性部位形成互补结构时,可催化底物发生变化,如图甲Ⅰ所示。酶的抑制剂是与酶结合并降低酶活性的分子。竞争性抑制剂与底物竞争酶的活性部位,非竞争性抑制剂和酶活性部位以外的其他位点结合,从而抑制酶的活性,如图甲Ⅱ、Ⅲ所示。图乙示意发生竞争性抑制和非竞争性抑制时,底物浓度与起始反应速率的变化曲线图。

请据图回答下列问题:

(1)当底物与酶活性部位具有互补的结构时,酶才能与底物结合,这说明酶的催化作用具有________。

(2)青霉素的化学结构与细菌合成细胞壁的底物相似,故能抑制细菌合成细胞壁相关的酶的活性,其原因是___________。

(3)据图乙分析,随着底物浓度升高,抑制效力变得越来越小的是_____抑制剂,原因是______________。

(4)唾液淀粉酶在最适温度条件下,底物浓度与反应速率的变化如图丙。若将温度提高5℃,请在图丙中绘出相应变化曲线。

答案

(1)专一性

(2)青霉素能与这些酶的活性部位结合

(3)竞争性   底物浓度越高,底物与酶活性部位结合的机会越大

(4)

选择题
单项选择题

Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. (91) the fruitfly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly (92) to live shorter lives. This suggests that (93) bulbs burn longer, that there is an (94) in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it (95) , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow (96) the starting line because it depends on learning—a gradual (97) —instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to (98) .
Is there an adaptive value to (99) intelligence That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance (100) at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q. wise, it implicitly asks what the real (101) of our own intelligence might be. This is (102) the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would (103) on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, (104) , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning, we believe that (105) animals ran the labs, they would test us to (106) the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really (107) , not merely how much of it there is. (108) , they would hope to study a (109) question. Are humans actually aware of the world they live in (110) the results are inconclusive.

A.outside

B.on

C.by

D.across