问题 问答题 论述题

南京的历史沿革有哪些特点?

答案

参考答案:

约20多万年前的江北“和县人”,已经能够使用天然火,其生产工具为旧石器和木棒。

南京地区目前已经发现了200处左右原始村落遗址,其中江宁区湖熟街道一带最为密集,故有“湖熟文化”之称。

公元前472年,在今南京城南长干里修筑了“越城”,至今已有2480多年历史。

楚威王曾在今南京龙湾山陵上埋金以镇东南“王气”,并设置金陵邑,从此南京有了最初的地名。

秦始皇巡游东南时,改金陵邑为秣陵县,使之为牧马场所,同时“凿钟阜,断金陵长陇以通流”,所开河道称作秦淮。

东吴孙权把政治中心由京口(今镇江)迁至秣陵(今南京秣陵关一带),在楚国金陵邑城址修建石头城,并取“建功立业”之意改称秣陵为建业。

为避东晋愍帝司马邺的名讳,公元313年改建邺为建康。此后,宋、齐、梁、陈相继定都建康,史称南朝。连同此前的东吴,把南京作为都城的有六个朝代,时间达360年之久,故南京有“六朝古都”之称。1368年,明太祖朱元璋称帝,改集庆路为应天府,后又改称南京,南京即得名于此时。

1911年10月10日,辛亥革命推翻了清王朝,成立南京临时政府。1927年,南京定为中华民国首都。

问答题 简答题
问答题

Part 1


·Read the following passages, eight sentences have been removed from the article.
·Choose.from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap.
·For each gap (1-8) mark one letter (A-H) on the Answer Sheet.
·Do not mark any letter twice.
Today’s career assumptions are you can get a lot of development, challenge and job satisfaction and not necessarily be in a management role.
A new malady is running rampantly in corporate America: management phobia. (1)
" I hated all the meetings," says a 10-year award-winning manager, "and I found the more you did for people who worked for you, the more they expected." (2)
With technology changing in a wink, you can never slack off these days if you’re on the technical side. (3)
In addition, the Dilbert factor is at work. With Scott Adams’s popular cartoon character— as well as many television sitcoms — routinely portraying managers as morons or enemies, they just don’t get much respect anymore.
Supervising others was always a tough task, but in the past that stress was offset by hopes for career mobility and financial rewards. (4)
But in today’s global, more competitive arena, a manager sits on an insecure perch. (5) There are far fewer rungs on the corporate ladder for managers to climb. In addition, managerial jobs demand more hours and headaches than ever before but offer slim, if any, financial paybacks and perks.
Furthermore, managers now must supervise many people who are spread over different locations, even over different continents. (6)
In an age of entrepreneurship, when the most praised people in business are those launching something new, management seems like an invisible, thankless role. (7)
Management layoffs have done much to erode interest in managerial jobs, of course. (8)
A. Many people don’t want to be a manager — and many people who are managers are, frankly, itching to jump off the management track — or have already.
B. It’s a rare person who can manage to keep up on the technical side and handle a management job, too.
C. Restructuring have eliminated layer after layer of management as companies came to view their organizations as collections of competencies rather than hierarchies.
D. They must manage across functions with, say, design, finance, marketing and technical people reporting to them.
E. I was a counselor, motivator, financial adviser and psychologist.
F. Employers are looking for people who can do things, not for people who make other people do things.
G. American Management Association surveys say three middle managers are laid off for every one being hired.
H. Along with a sizable pay raise, people chosen as managers would begin a nearly automatic climb up the career ladder to lucrative executive perks: stock options, company cars, club memberships, plus the key to the executive washroom.