问题 问答题

请论述幼儿注意容易出现的问题以及如何采取相应的教育措施。

答案

参考答案:幼儿注意发展中容易出现的问题主要是注意分散。幼儿的无意注意占优势,自我控制能力差,注意力容易分散,这是幼儿注意比较突出的一个特点。一般说来,引起幼儿注意分散的原因及应对措施有以下几点:

(1)连续进行的单调活动。应对措施:幼儿园在组织幼儿活动时,活动不能太单调,形式应多样化,而且活动时间不能超过各幼儿年龄阶段所适合的时间。

(2)缺乏严格的作息制度。应与家长经常联系,共同保证幼儿的生活合理、有规律,养成良好的生活习惯,从而使幼儿精力充沛地游戏和活动,并且防止幼儿注意的分散。

(3)无关刺激的干扰。恰当地避免无关刺激的干扰,在组织幼儿的活动中显得非常重要。在环境的布置上不宜过分繁杂;教室外的嘈杂与喧闹之声、电话声、鸟叫声等都会成为幼儿注意分散的外在的无关刺激。另外,教室的室温也要适宜,过冷或过热都容易引起幼儿注意的分散。

(4)注意转移的能力差。幼儿在从事新的活动时,心里还“惦记”前一个事物,出现注意分散。因此,教师要善于组织幼儿活动,适当安排,有效地引导幼儿注意保持在当前的活动上。

(5)不能很好地进行两种注意的转换。教师在活动中恰当地引导幼儿进行两种注意的转换,不仅有助于幼儿维持注意,防止注意的分散,而且可以使幼儿在活动中减少疲劳,提高活动兴趣,产生愉快情绪。从而使幼儿的活动得以顺利的进行。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Passage Three

From the beginning, migration has been 6ne of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneously all over the earth but, according to the current scientific consensus, first evolved in Africa, and from there spread far and wide. Even after mankind had populated most of the planet, migration continued to play a decisive role in history down the centuries, as people contended for territory and the resources that go with it. In many of history’s biggest movements of people, the migrants were not volunteers. In the 17th and 18th centuries, 15 million people were taken as slaves from Africa and shipped to Brazil, the Caribbean and North America. In the 19th century, between 10 and 40 million indentured workers (契约工人,苦力) were sent in vast numbers around the world, mainly from China and India.
The 20th century’s wars in Europe and Asia displaced millions more. But perhaps the most intense episode of migration-under-duress (强迫) in modern times occurred after the partition of India in 1947, when 7 million Muslims fled India for the new state of Pakistan and 7 million Hindus fled in the opposite direction.
As individuals, not merely as members of races or religions in flight, people have always traveled in search of a better life. Between the middle of the 19th century and the start of the second world war, 60 million people left Europe and move overseas to the United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Much of this movement was guided by economic calculation. Most modern migration is of this kind, though nowadays the pull is high wages rather than cheap land.
For the 19th century or so, the pattern of migration has shifted a good deal, with changes in government policy playing a key role. Until t914 governments imposed almost no controls. This allowed the enormous 19th-century movement of migrants from Europe to North America.
Between 1914 and 1945; partly reflecting security concerns, migration was curtailed. Many countries excluded immigrants. America’s Congress passed laws aiming to preserve the country’s racial and religious makeup.
After 1945 came another great change. Many European countries faced labor shortages. Governments actively recruited immigrants for jobs in their expanding industries. Migration surged again, now not mainly from Europe to North America but from the developing countries to the rich ones.
The next big change came in the 1970s. The rich countries were no longer growing quickly and struggling with labor shortages. Recession came to Europe and America, and immigration rules were tightened again. This more restrictive regime continues to apply.

It was not until 1914 that ______ .

A.governments began to impose controls on migration

B.governments began to remove controls on migration

C.governments began to concern about national security

D.governments began to preserve racial and religious make-up