问题 选择题

“一个青年跑进大学求学,毕业后,派到地方服务。待服务地方行政有了政绩,再经长官察选到中央,又须经过中央一番规定的考试,然后才始正式入仕。那是当时入仕从政的唯一正途,政府的一切官吏,几乎全由此项途径出身。这样的政府,我们再也不能叫它做贵族政府……我们只能叫它做读书人的政府,或称士人政府。”对以上说法理解正确的选项是

A.材料体现的是魏晋时期九品中正制度下的选官制度

B.材料体现的是隋唐时期开始实施的科举制度

C.材料体现的是宋代以后普遍出现的平民政治

D.材料体现的是汉代察举制度选拨人才的程序

答案

答案:D

题目分析:本题考查我国古代的选官、用官制度。材料实际上体现了汉代察举制下“郎官”的升迁程序,D项正确。九品中正制依靠门第选拔官员,不能称为“士人政府”,A项错误。科举制度下读书人通过各级考试,与材料信息“再经长官察选到中央”不符,故B项错误。宋代到清末科举制度被废除前也是通过科举考试选拔官员的,并非平民政治,故C项错误。

点评:本题考查的是古代的选官制度。古代的选官制度主要有西周世官制、汉代的察举制、魏晋九品中正制和隋唐时期的科举制等,每一种制度都是把官员的品德放在很重要的地位,但是科举制更注重才能和公平,科举制对后世影响深远,是考试的重点,需要掌握。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate (天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1) instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2) .

This linguistic approach (3) the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se (本身), but (4) rules that enable a speaker to (5) an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6) single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7) with the particular thing signified, but (8) all members of a general class.

This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9) into existing psychological frameworks and (10) a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic (原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11) perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12) all of these processes; thus its study (13) our theories of knowledge in general.

Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child’s learning of language is a kind of theory (14) . It’s thought to be accomplished (15) explicit instruction, (16) of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17) or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18) , the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19) power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20) it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

7()

A.consistence

B.conformity

C.correspondence

D.agreement