问题 问答题 简答题

简述跨文化测量问卷编制方法?

答案

参考答案:

方法1:选择对多种不同文化共同的项目建立测验问卷,然后以多种不同文化中的当地效标来建立效度。

方法2:在一种文化之内编制测验,把它施测于不同文化背景的个体。

方法3:在每种文化之内编制不同的测验(或对现行测验作重大修改),以当地效标建立效度,且仅仅使用于适当的文化之内。

单项选择题
阅读理解

MY Chinese friend is going to the US and he is nervous about what to talk about. “Talk about the weather,” is my advice.

“How are you?” is often followed by comments about the weather. “Nice day today.” “Cold/hot enough for you?” “Will it ever stop raining?” “Some winter we’re having.” “Can’t remember a winter/summer so cold/hot.” “Whew, it’s hot out there.”

These introductory statements are often followed by a long conversation entirely about weather conditions. Past, present and – with global warming – speculation (推测) about the future.

Our fascination with weather might seem silly, but the real purpose behind those endless discussions is small talk. Weather’s a safe topic of conversation. As a group, we Americans seem to enjoy chatting with those around us. Whenever we stand in line at the grocery store, we tend to engage in this sort of conversation with other people standing in line with us. If I were seated next to another American on any form of public transport, I’d expect both of us to make some harmless comment about the weather as a way of acknowledging (承认) each other’s presence (存在). At parties, the weather is a common topic, especially with those you are meeting for the first time.

In contrast we are taught to avoid certain topics like religion and politics. Weather is neutral (中性的); you don’t have to have an opinion about it, just make a statement of a fact. What is truly interesting is the fact that we can go on and on about it.

My Chinese friend has a hard time understanding why we put so much effort into this topic – and why I warn him about bringing up much more “interesting” subjects like salaries or how much something costs.

Sometimes it is tricky (复杂的) to wend (行走) one’s way through winding cultural roads, especially those that are never taught in books.

小题1:What does the writer suggest her Chinese friend should talk about with people in the US? (No more than two words)

小题2:Why do Americans enjoy talking to people around them about the weather, in writer’s opinion? (No more than ten words)

小题3:List four topics that people should avoid talking about in the US. ( No more than 5 words)