问题 问答题 论述题

试述马克思虑主义的人性观。

答案

参考答案:

(1)其本质属性首先是“社会性”。马克思指出:“人的本质并不是单个人所固有的抽象物,在其现实性上,它是一切社会关系的总和。”人的社会性包括在劳动和其他社会实践活动的长期发展史中所形成的全部特性。

(2)人的本性还表现为具体历史性。人性并不是天生的,而是在后天长期的社会实践中逐渐形成和发展的。随着社会历史的发展,人的社会性也在发生变化。

(3)保持有作为生物有机体的自然属性。人类社会是在同自然界作斗争、改造自然界中形成的。人的各种行为活动都是在自然需求得到满足的基础上进行的。因此,人的自然属性是人性中不可忽视的一面。由上述可知,人是自然和社会发展的共同产物,是社会属性和自然属性的有机统一体。人性并不是抽象的,一般的,孤立的,而是具体的,社会的,历史的。

问答题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A 36-year-old man stormed into the Ramona Post Gffice, yelling at everyone to get out of his way.

Carrying a shotgun, he climbed up onto the counter and told everyone to lie on the floor. Then he pulled

the trigger (扳机) and fired a round into the ceiling. Piaster splattered (飞溅) onto the floor and the

customers.

     The man ordered all the customers and employees to sit tip and look at him. He said,"Repeat after me:

I hate the post office!" Everyone repeated the words. He fired a second round, but this time he aimed at

the front plate glass window. Shattered (粉碎的) glass went everywhere.

     Three minutes later, five police cars pulled up in front of the post office, lights flashing and sirens (警

报器) roaring. Using a bullhorn (喇叭), a police officer told the man to' walk out backwards with his

hands up. The man fired another blast out of the shattered window. The police officer and his bullhorn

were uninjured. However. one police car had t~ee little pit marks in it.

     The man yelled,"I' m not coming out until the post office pays me for pain and suffering. A postal truck

ran into my car two years ago. My back is killing me. I can' t work any more. My wife left me. I can' t

take it any more.""

     After a while, the man calmed down. He released all the people inside. At 7:00 p. m.", the man walked

out backwards with his hands up. The police handcuffed (给… …带上手铐) him, put him in the back

seat of the car, and drove him to the police station.

1. What was the exact situation in the post office?

A. A man rushed in and shot at the customers.

B. An angry man with a gun was robbing the customers of money.

C. A man rushed in and shot at the ceiling and the window on a workday.

D. A man aged 36 shot at the window first and then the police car.

2. What can be inferred from the passage? 

A. The customers were threatened by the man and did what he asked.

B. Although the man was so careful, the police heard the news.

C. The police officer was injured during his persuasion.

D. After a fierce battle, the police caught him.

3. Why did the man storm into the post office?

A. He wanted to kill the workers in the post office.

B. He wanted to rob the post office of money.

C. He wanted the post office to pay for what he had suffered.

D. He had something wrong with his head.

4. How did the man probably feel during the event?

A. Angry→excited→helpless

B. Excited→angry→calm

C. Angry→frightened→regretful

D. Bold→puzzled→calm