TCP/IP (21) layer protocols provide services to the application (22) running on a computer. The application layer does not define the application itself, but rather it defines
(23) that applications need — like the ability to transfer a file in the case of HTTP. In short, the application layer provides an (24) between software running on a computer and the network itself. The TCP/IP application layer includes a relatively large number of protocols, with HTTP being only one of those. The TCP/IP (25) layer consists of two main protocol options — the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

A. application B. transport C. link D. network

男，38岁，间歇性浮肿10余年，伴恶心、呕吐1周。血压155／110mmHg。血常规Hb80g/L。尿常规：尿蛋白（++），颗粒管型2～3个／HP。血Cr485μmol／L。

上例患者肾功能损害分期为（）.

A.肾功能正常期

B.肾功能代偿期

C.肾功能失代偿期

D.肾功能衰竭期

E.尿毒症期