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简述鲍照诗歌的艺术特色

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参考答案:

鲍照是南朝成就最高的诗人,在艺术上极富特色:首先,他的乐府诗抒情浓烈,气势流畅。他把惯用比兴、善叙他人他事的乐府诗发展成一种直接抒写自己感情、叙述自己遭遇的诗体,把浓烈的抒情与构词之美融为一体,故其抒情特色是外露的、强烈的、流畅而节奏急速的,音调激昂,豪迈奔放。其次,鲍照注重锤炼字句,辞采瑰丽,有震撼人心的效果,同时他还注意吸收民间口语,使其语言平易流畅,如自口出。另外,鲍照对七言诗的发展做出了巨大贡献,如其《拟行路难》组诗,全是以七言为主的杂言诗,并对以往的七言诗大胆变革,改逐句押韵为隔句押韵,而且创造性地自由换韵,使诗歌言节节奏铿锵顿挫,更便于表达奔放恣肆的感情,大大促进了七言诗体的发展。

问答题

The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. (47)Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
(48)An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. (49)If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.
The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. (50)In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.

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