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古罗马分权思想评述?

答案

参考答案:

波利比阿从罗马共和制度中提炼和总结出分权和制约平衡原则,主张实行混合政体,其中包括各种社会集团和力量之间的混合与平衡和国家权力体系构成部分和机构之间的制约与平衡,成为了一种分权学说。

经过经西塞罗的有力阐发,成为西方政治传统的重要组成部分。

评价:古罗马分权思想不是三权分立学说,不包含立法、行政和司法权的概念,洛克将其发展成一套近代型的分权学说,被孟德斯鸠进一步发展为三权分立相互制衡的学说,成为近代资本主义民主国家普遍采纳的宪法原则。

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     I always pay attention to the first impression I leave upon strangers. However, I have   1   that no stranger
cares much about what you have done.
     It was Saturday. I was very excited after a week's hard study. What was more, my former classmate and
best friend was coming to visit me.
     When dusk   2   near, my friend appeared on time. We decided to have supper together and went to a
restaurant. To my astonishment, many people were   3   at us as if we were monsters from another planet. I
looked myself up and down but found nothing was   4  . When I cast my eyes at my friend, suddenly I realized
what had happened: I was with a boy   5  .
     My friend also noticed it. We looked at each other and smiled.   6  , people kept staring at us throughout
our meal   7   the strange atmosphere made me uncomfortable.
     During the meal, I   8   that my friend finish as fast as possible so that we could get out of such an
embarrassing situation.
     Suddenly my friend noticed another classmate passing by the   9   and he rose to his feet to  10  him. But
he was in such a hurry that he knocked down the table, leading to the hot soup pouring all over me. What was
more, his voice caught people's  11  again. The  12  on their faces showed that they were laughing at us.
     How embarrassed I was! My face turned red and I wished I could find a hole to  13  in. as quickly as
possible, I rushed out of the restaurant. My friend  14  and he caught up with me when I was so tired that I
had to stop. But he was so  15  that it surprised me.
     "Don't be too  16  what people think about you", he said to me."In fact, to many  17 , you are just a passing
figure, like a piece of cloud in the sky, which will disappear in no  18  . Nobody knows who you are. You can
just be yourself."
     Yes, he is right. No one in the restaurant actually knew who I was. I should just be myself and  19  others'
prejudices aside.
     Life is a long road and we need not make so much fuss of (大惊小怪)  20  things, or it is too tiring.
(      )1. A. recognized  
(      )2. A. ended   
(      )3. A. staring   
(      )4. A. new    
(      )5. A. completely  
(      )6. A. Meaningfully
(      )7. A. but    
(      )8. A. called    
(      )9. A. shop    
(      )10. A. stop    
(      )11. A. laugh    
(      )12. A. joy    
(      )13. A. live    
(      )14. A. finished   
(      )15. A. calm    
(      )16. A. curious abou
(      )17. A. customers  
(      )18. A. time    
(      )19. A. manage   
(      )20. A. tiny    
B. realized   
B. fell     
B. smiling   
B. lost     
B. separately  
B. Therefore  
B. while    
B. suggested  
B. bank     
B. join     
B. worry    
B. expression  
B. sleep    
B. followed   
B. excited   
B. surprised at 
B. strangers  
B. hurry    
B. gather    
B. incredible  
C. guessed    
C. stood     
C. speaking    
C. wrong     
C. lonely     
C. However    
C. or         
C. thought    
C. restaurant   
C. prevent    
C. thought    
C. disappointment 
C. hide       
C. completed   
C. pleased    
C. nervous about 
C. classmates   
C. wait       
C. make       
C. additional   
D. predicted     
D. drew          
D. aiming        
D. fresh         
D. alone        
D. Similarly     
D. and           
D. whispered     
D. school        
D. hold          
D. attention     
D. appearance    
D. wait          
D. stopped       
D. angry         
D. interested in 
D. waiters       
D. line          
D. leave         
D. interesting   
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