抽象行政行为
参考答案:
是指行政机关针对不特定的对象作出的具有普遍约束力的决定和命令的行为。包括制定行政法规、规章和发布决定、命令。
某市汽车制造厂(增值税一般纳税人)1998年6月购进原材料等,取得的增值税专用发票上注明税款共600万元,销售汽车取得销售收入(含税)8 000万元;兼营汽车租赁业务取得收入20万元;兼营汽车运输业务取得收入50万元。该厂分别核算汽车销售额、租赁业务和运输业务营业额。 要求:请分别计算该厂当期应纳增值税、消费税、营业税和城市维护建设税(该厂汽车适用的消费税税率为8%)。
When I tell people that I’m a professor of communication, they often are confused (1) what the term "communication" means. Many people think mass communication is the (2) type of communication, but mass communication is only one form of communication. The study of mass communication focuses on messages that are (3) over (4) such as television, newspapers, and radio. Other areas of (5) focus on the messages individuals send to one another. Some of the major contexts in which communication is studied (6) the interpersonal context, the organizational context, and the intercultural context. A scholar studying (7) communication, for example, might examine how married couples (8) with misunderstandings and the effects these misunderstandings have on (9) satisfaction. Organizational communication scholars, on the other hand, might study (10) the communication styles used by managers and their subordinates influence productivity and efficiency in a company or factory.My area of specialization is intercultural communication. Intercultural communication is an (11) field of study which incorporates research from disciplines (12) as social psychology, sociology, cultural anthropology, sociolinguistics, and of course, communication. One of the (13) important areas of research addressed by intercultural scholars is how misunderstandings can be (14) when people communicate with Others from different (15) . To understand the process of intercultural communication, we must study how individuals’ cultural backgrounds (16) their communication behaviors.The area of intercultural communication is a relatively new (17) of study even in the United States. While most Chinese students studying communication in the United States (18) on mass communication, there are some who are interested in intercultural communication and plan to return to China to teach and (19) research in this area. The work of these Chinese scholars on intercultural communication is important because it will help improve (20) between Chinese and Americans in the future.