问题 单项选择题

有效循环血容量指的是()

A.维持正常代谢的血容量 

B.单位时间内通过心血管系统的循环血量 

C.全身总血容量 

D.包括储存在造血器官内的总血容量 

E.包括停滞在毛细血管内的总血容量

答案

参考答案:B

阅读理解

Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own.My mom was one of those people.

My father died when I was nine months old,making my mom a single mother at the age of eighteen.While I was growing up,we lived a very hard life.We had little money,but my mom gave me a lot of love.Each night,she sat me on her lap and spoke the words that would change my life,“Kemmons,you are certain to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.”

At fourteen,I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again. Every day,my mother spoke to me in her gentle,loving voice,telling me that no matter what those doctors said. I could walk again if I wanted it badly enough.She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her.A year later,I returned to school--walking on my own.

When the Great Depression(大萧条)hit,my mom lost her job.Then I left school to support the both of us.At that moment,I was determined never to be poor again.

Over the years, I experienced various levels of business Success.But the real turning point occurred on a vocation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951.I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was angry that they charged an extra$2 for each child.That was too expensive for the average American family.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel(汽车旅馆)for families that would never charge extra for children.There were plenty of doubters at that time.

Not surprisingly,mom was one of my strongest supporters.She worked behind the desk and even designed the room style.As in any business,we experienced a lot of challenges.But with my mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul,I never doubted we could succeed.Fifteen years later,we had the largest hotel system in the world—Holiday Inn. In 1979,my company had 1759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $ 1 billion a year.

You may not have started out life in the best situations.But if you can find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself,nothing can stop you.

小题1:What Kemmons' mom often told him during his childhood was         

A.caring

B.moving

C.encouraging

D.interesting小题2:What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself?

A.His terrible experience in the hotel.

B.His previous business success of various levels.

C.His mom’s support.

D.His wife’s suggestion.小题3:.Which of the following best describes Kemmoms’ mother?   、

A.Modest,helpful,and hard-working.

B.Loving,supportive,and strong-willed.

C.Careful,helpful,and beautiful.

D.Strict,sensitive and supportive.小题4:Which of the following led to Kemmons’ success according to the passage?

A.Self-confidence,hard work,clear goals and a poor family.

B.Mom's encouragement,clear goals,self-confidence,and hard work.

C.Clear goals,mom’s encouragement,a poor family,and higher education.

D.Mom's encouragement,a poor family,higher education and opportunities.

单项选择题

阅读下面这篇文章,回答下列各题。

粒子束武器

粒子束武器大致分为三个主要部分,即由能源、电子喷嘴和集流加速器组成。

能源,一般是靠核裂变或聚变的极高的脉冲功率形成。人们采用专门的核爆炸式的发电机,通过核裂变或聚变释放出大量的能量,发出高压脉冲电流。它通过控制开关和特殊传输线路在一瞬间传输给巨型贮能器,把脉冲电荷堆积起来,通过超高压开关在毫微秒计的时间内放电。

流量压缩装置和电子注入器把脉冲高压转换成电子束,高强电磁场把它在长长的电子枪中加速,通过电子嘴向集流加速器喷射,作为形成和加速质子的媒介。

集流加速器是粒子束的核心。在电子喷嘴和集流加速器之间,装有注入阀,引入Z质(如有一种加速器的Z质用氢气),由于电子束的高速碰撞,电子被剥落,形成质子,并集流加速,最后接近光速发射出来,摧毁目标。

粒子束武器的简单工作过程是:通过核裂变或聚变的形式实现爆炸或脉冲发电,以产生高功率的脉冲粒子束,这些粒子束以接近光速的速度射向目标,击毁目标。

(选自《自然科学》14辑)

根据对文章的理解,给粒子束武器下得正确的定义是()。

A.粒子束武器是由能源、电子喷嘴和集流加速器组成的一种新型武器

B.粒子束武器是一种以接近光速的粒子速击毁目标的武器

C.粒子束武器是一种通过核裂变或聚变释放出能量打击目标的武器

D.粒子束武器是一种用高功率脉冲粒子击毁目标的武器