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问题 问答题 简答题

简述启蒙主义文学的基本特征。

答案

参考答案：

1.古典主义仍占重要地位，但启蒙主义成就最高。

2.有鲜明的倾性，要求文学为现实服务。属于资产阶级性质文学思潮，反对国王，宣传启蒙思想。

3.把第三等级的资产阶级和平民作为主人公来正面歌颂。

4.创造性地运用了多种形式的文体：正剧、哲理小说等。

阅读理解

任务型阅读。

     It was a dark night. I saw bright light in my neighbor's kitchen. I thought he could be having a midnight

  snack so I went back to my bed. Soon, there was a burning smell and I thought something must be

 wrong. At once, I jumped out of bed and went downstairs to have a look. I saw a fire (火) coming out of

  my neighbor's kitchen. I shouted "Fire!" But there was no one nearby to hear my shouts for help. I ran

 quickly into my house and called the Fire Department (消防部门) and went back to my neighbor's house.

  I knocked (敲) at the door and called my neighbor's name, but there was no answer. I tried to break into

  the house and saved a cat and a rabbit. I tried to pour water through the kitchen window but it was no

  use, the fire is too big. Luckily, a fire engine (消防车) arrived and the firemen put out the fire.

     When my neighbor came back, he was sad because his kitchen was burnt down, but he thanked me for

  calling the Fire Department and for saving his pets.

     A week later, my neighbor invited me to his home for dinner. At his new kitchen, he took a photo of

 me. Later on, he gave me the photo as a present. It made me very happy.

1. Where did the fire happen?

    _________________________

2. What did the writer run quickly into his house for?

    _________________________

3. What did the writer save from the fire?

    _________________________

4. Who put out the fire?

    _________________________

5. What did the neighbor do a week after the fire?

    _________________________
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填空题


阅读以下函数说明和Java代码，
[说明]
现要编写一个画矩形的程序，目前有两个画图程序：DP1和DP2，DP1用函数draw_a_line(x1，y1，x2，y2)画一条直线，DP2则用drawline(x1，x2，y1，y2)画一条直线。当实例化矩形时，确定使用DPI还是DP2。
为了适应变化，包括“不同类型的形状”和“不同类型的画图程序”，将抽象部分与实现部分分离，使它们可以独立地变化。这里，“抽象部分”对应“形状”，“实现部分”对应“画图”，与一般的接口(抽象方法)与具体实现不同。这种应用称为Bridge(桥接)模式。图7-1显示了各个类间的关系。
[图7-1]

这样，系统始终只处理3个对象：Shape对象、Drawing对象、DP1或DP2对象。以下是JAvA语言实现，能够正确编译通过。
[Java代码]
//DP1．Java文件
public class DPI{
static public void draw_a_line(double x1，double y1，
double x2，double y2){
//省略具体实现
}
}
//DP2．java文件
public class DP2{
static public void drawline(double x1，double y1，
double x2，double y2){
//省略具体实现
}
}
//Drawing．java文件
(1) public class Drawing{
abstract public void drawLine(double x1，double y1，double x2，double y2)；
}
//V1Drawing．java文件
public class V1Drawing extends Drawing{
public void drawLine(double x1，double y1，double x2，double y2){
DP1．draw_a_line(x1，y1，x2，y2)；
}
}
//V2Drawing．java文件
public class V2Drawing extends Drawing{
public void drawLine(double x1，double y1，
double x2，double y2){//画一条直线
(2) ；
}
}
//Shape．java文件
abstract public class Shape{
abstract public void draw();
private (3) dp;
Shape(Drawing dp){
_dp=dp；
}
protected void drawLine(double x1，double y1，
double x2，double y2){
(4) ；
}
}
//Rectangle．java文件
public class Rectangle extends Shape{
private double_x1，_x2，_y1，_y2；
public Rectangle(Drawing dp，
double x1，double y1，
double x2，double y2){
(5) ；
_x1=x1；_x2=x2；
_y1=y1；_y2=y2；
}
public void draw(){
//省略具体实现
}
}
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