问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

关于原发性肝癌的转移,下列哪项说法不正确()

A.肝内血行转移发生最早,也最为常见

B.容易侵犯门静脉分支形成癌栓

C.肝外血行转移中,转移至肺的几率达半数

D.经淋巴转移到肝门淋巴结的最多

E.种植转移常见

答案

参考答案:E

解析:在原发性肝癌的转移途经中,肝内血行转移发生最早,也最常见(A)。很容易侵犯门静脉分支形成癌栓,脱落后在肝内引起多发性转移灶,如门静脉的干支有癌栓阻塞,可引起门静脉高压的各种表现(B)。在肝外转移中,转移至肺的达半数(C),其次为肾上腺、骨、肾、脑等部位。在淋巴转移中,转移至肝门淋巴结的最多(D),也可至胰、脾、主动脉旁淋巴结、锁骨上淋巴结。关于种植转移则少见(E),从肝脏脱落的癌细胞可种植在腹膜、横膈、胸腔等处引起血性腹水、胸水,也可种植在盆腔,可在卵巢上形成较大的肿块。

单项选择题
阅读理解

Located along California’s San Andreas Fault, the city of San Francisco is likely to take precautions(预防,防备) in the event of the next big earthquake.

According to a New York Times report, emergency planners in San Francisco are not only thinking of human evacuation(撤离,疏散) plans in the event of an earthquake, but also of how to care for pets during a natural disaster. Ideally, the planners will be able to train pet-disaster responders who work to evacuate dogs, cats and other household pets from the disaster site to one of the 125 temporary animal shelters that will be set up or, if the pet is injured, it will be brought to an emergency animal medical unit where there will be people on hand to tend to the pet’s injury. The city’s “no-pets-left-behind” policy results from the great number of pet deaths during the destruction of Hurricane Katrina.

As emergency responders arrived to rescue people isolated in their homes during Katrina, hurricane victims were told that they could not take their pets along with them when evacuating; thus, many pet owners were forced to make the heart-breaking decision to save themselves while leaving their pets behind to perhaps meet their deaths.

Since then, the U.S. has passed the Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006, allocating federal funds for animal disaster planning projects. Yet, not all counties are as progressive as San Francisco has been in the effort to protect pets in the event of a natural disaster. Pets are after all, a large part of San Francisco’s population — overnumbering the number of school age children in the city.

Over the last three years, San Francisco has received $350,000 in federal funds designated to animal disaster preparedness efforts in order to protect animals in the case of a disaster such as an earthquake. The city is still working on obtaining $300,000 to pay for an emergency animal unit. Until then, animal lovers in San Francisco will continue to work to ensure that pets are never an afterthought when it comes to rescues during earthquakes or other life threatening situations.

小题1:We learn from the second paragraph that ______.

A.emergency planners in San Fransico only consider human evacuation plans in a disaster

B.emergency planners in San Fransico only think about pet evacuation plans during a disaster

C.the safety of both humans and pets in a disaster is taken seriously

D.emergency medical units will be used only for humans小题2:What do we know about Hurricane Katrina?

A.A great number of pets died during Hurricane Katrina.

B.San Francisco’s “no-pets-left-behind” policy had been made before Hurricane Katrina.

C.The pet owners chose to sacrifice themselves in order to save their pets.

D.Emergency responders failed to rescue the hurricane victims.小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A.San Fransisco has made great effort to protect pets in a natural disaster.

B.The number of school age children in San Fransisco is smaller than that of pets.

C.The U.S. government has spent money on animal disaster planning projects.

D.All the countries are in the effort to protect pets in a natural disaster.小题4:The underlined word “designated” in the last paragraph most probably means ______.

A.loaned

B.allocated

C.replaced

D.obtained小题5:What’s the main idea of this passage?

A.How to take precautions in the earthquake.

B.Human evacuation plans in the earthquake.

C.Taking steps to care for pets during a natural disaster.

D.How to train pets to escape from a disaster.