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问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

加强腹股沟管前壁的疝修补方法是（）

A.Bassini法

B.Halsted法

C.Ferguson法

D.McVay法

E.Shouldice法

答案

参考答案：C

解析：

加强腹股沟管前壁的疝修补方法最常用的是Ferguson法。将腹内斜肌下缘与联合腱在精索前面缝至腹股沟韧带上。A、B、D、E为加强后壁的方法，且E项强调加强腹横筋膜和缩小内环。

实验题

美丽的青海湖不仅让我们感受到自然之美，当地的居民还能从青海湖内“冬天捞碱、夏天捞盐”。当地学校的某化学兴趣小组对捞出来的纯碱进行研究，有的同学认为捞出来的全是碳酸钠，有的同学认为捞出来的纯碱中混有少量的氯化钠。现在他们准备以一包冬天捞出来的纯碱（若含有杂质，只考虑为氯化钠）为研究对象，探究该纯碱样品中碳酸钠的质量分数。小组通过讨论设计了下图中的装置，请你参与探究。（实验前活塞都关闭）

【实验一】称取13.25g纯碱样品完全溶于水，放入甲中，称量丙装置的质量为355g，打开

b、c，甲中现象为       时，再称量丙装置的质量为350.6g，通过计算得出纯碱样品中

碳酸钠的质量分数为  。甲和丙中反应的化学方程式为          、          。

同学们通过讨论认为上述方法并不能准确测量，其理由可能是       。（写一条即可）

【实验二】通过讨论，改进后的实验步骤如下：

①称量丙装置的质量。

②称量样品，检查装置气密性。

③关闭a，打开b，注入足量的稀盐酸。

④打开a、d，鼓入氮气一会儿。

其正确顺序为　　　      　（填字序号，可重复）。

【表达与交流】

（1）此实验中丁装置的作用是                   　。

（2）此实验中鼓入氮气的作用是                          　。(2分)
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填空题

Questions 9-18


·Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page.

Apples: The Live Longer Fruit


0. Apples have been a product of healthy eating for many years, and the often-repeated line of an apple a day keeping the doctor away is far from a myth. Apples really do have a wonderful variety of nutritional benefits, and are a tasty addition to any diet of good health and longevity. Below is a list of the top five benefits of making apples a standard part of your daily diet.
1. Pectin (果胶) is a source of dietary fiber and a very handy nutrient to have in one’s diet. While it is also found in oranges, plums, and other fruits, apples have the highest concentration of them all. Pectin works to increase the stool’s volume and resistance of fluids and is therefore helpful in treating constipation, diarrhea, and generally improving the health of the bowels (肠) .
2. A study on nutrition and heart disease found that eating three apples a day for three months can help you to drop your cholesterol by at least 20 points. How does this happen Apple pectin, that miraculous source of dietary fiber, helps to draw bad LDL cholesterol out of the system. Not only that, but the antioxidant quercetin(栎皮酮)that is found in apples inhibits the LDL cholesterol from even accumulating in the body’s bloodstream.
3. The high amounts of quercetin, other flavonoids (类黄酮) , and phytochemicals (植物化学 因子) found in this fruit deliver potent antioxidant activity to all who eat an apple, and with that inhibit the actions of free radicals. In addition, the phytochemicals may act against cancer-causing substances, which will likewise help to prevent cancer. This means that apple eating prevents cancer of the prostate (前列腺) and lung, as well as other parts of the body.
4. There may have been many generations of explorers that sought the fountain of youth, but all they had to do was fight the daily stresses of life with a tasty apple! The phytochemicals that come from the bright colors you find in the skins of your favorite apple variety, along with aiding the apple’s ability to lower cholesterol and fight cancer, also inhibits the onset of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and other conditions that lead to potentially weakening situations in old age.
5. If keeping a full head of hair will help you to age more gracefully, then chow down on some apples. Chinese medicine considers hair loss to be a sign of a reduced kidney essence, and apples are on the list of fruits and vegetables that will help you to restore this essence and nourish the blood that flows to your hair follicles (毛囊) .

Questions 9-13


·For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below.
·For each numbered paragraph (1-5). mark one letter (A -G) on the Answer Sheet.
·Do not mark any letter twice.
  • A. Apples lower cholesterol.
  • B. Apples benefit young and old.
  • C. Apples slow the aging process.
  • D. Apples reduce the risk of cancer.
  • E. Apples help to prevent hair loss.
  • F. Apples enrich people’s diet.
  • G. Apples improve the bowels.


Paragraph 5: ______
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