问题 单项选择题 A3/A4型题

男,25岁,4小时前口服敌百虫,查体:躁动,瞳孔缩小,肺部湿啰音。

有机磷杀虫药中毒的表现中,用阿托品治疗有效的是下列哪种()

A.呼吸困难

B.流涎

C.多汗

D.腹痛

E.以上都是

答案

参考答案:E

解析:敌百虫与碳酸氢钠或含有碳酸氢钠,如人工盐等碱性药合用,敌百虫会转变为剧毒的敌敌畏而引起中毒,因此敌百虫中毒禁用2%碳酸氢钠洗胃。毒蕈碱样症状又叫M样症状。主要是副交感神经末梢兴奋所致。表现为平滑肌痉挛和腺体分泌增加。临床表现为先有恶心、呕吐、腹痛、多汗,尚有流泪、流汗、流涕、腹泻、尿频、大小便失禁、心跳减慢和瞳孔缩小。可有支气管痉挛和分泌物增加、咳嗽、气促,严重病人出现肺水肿。可用阿托品对抗。

阅读理解

Have you ever rubbed your hands together when they get cold? Why do we do that? We do that for friction. Friction happens when two things that aren’t very smooth (光滑的) rub together to make heat energy. The faster you rub two things together, the more friction you can make. Let’s discover friction!

WHAT YOU’LL NEED:

★Soap                ★Water           ★Your hands

WHAT TO DO:

★Make sure your hands are dry.

★Rub your hands together until you feel the heat of your hands.

★Now, use soap and water to get your hands very slippery (滑的).

★Try to make friction happen while your hands are slippery.

★Please write down what has happened.

LET’S TALK!

Friction is an energy that happens when two things rub together. When friction happens, it makes heat! When your hands are slippery, they won’t make very much friction and your hands won’t get so hot.

DID YOU KNOW?

★Friction happens when you stop your fast running bike.

★Ancient people made fires by rubbing two pieces of wood together. Friction happened though they didn’t know it. ___  __?         Friction is everywhere. Have you ever noticed situations where friction is happening? If not, ask your parents to take you out in a car. If it is not hot, touch the tires (轮胎) of the car before and after a short drive to see how much warmer they get from friction.

小题1:You’d better make your hands ______ to get heat when you rub them.

A. slippery                 B. dry                  C. wet    

小题2:The word “friction” in the first paragraph means “______”.

A. 摩擦                     B. 震动                 C. 膨胀 

小题3:We can know from the passage that it’s a ______ experiment.

A. physics                  B. chemistry                C. biology

小题4:The topic of the last column (栏目) is ______

A. THINK IT OVER!           B. WHAT HAPPENED?       C. WORK WITH PARENTS.

小题5:The main idea of the passage is ______.

A. how to discover friction     B. how to rub your hands       C. how to make fires by rubbing   

读图填空题