问题 单项选择题

缺少睡眠已经成为影响公共安全的一大隐患。交通部的调查显示,有37%的人说他们曾在方向盘后面打盹或睡着了。因疲劳驾驶而导致的交通事故大约是酒后驾车所导致的交通事故的1.5倍。因此,我们今天需要做的不是加重对酒后驾车的惩罚力度,而是制定与驾驶者睡眠相关的法律。
如果以下陈述为真,哪一项对上述论证的削弱程度最小( )

A.目前,世界上没有任何一个国家制定了与驾驶者睡眠相关的法律
B.目前,人们还没有找到能够判定疲劳驾驶的科学标准和法定标准
C.酒后驾车导致的死亡人数与疲劳驾驶导致的死亡人数几乎持平
D.加重对酒后驾车的惩罚与制定关于驾驶者睡眠的法律同等重要

答案

参考答案:A

解析: 本题是一道削弱型题目。I3项从疲劳驾驶着手,指出疲劳驾驶尚没有科学和法定的标准,因而也就很难制定出与“驾驶者睡眠相关的法律”,有力地削弱了题干的论证;C、D项则都是对酒后驾车和疲劳驾驶的比较,指出惩罚酒后驾车实际上和制定与驾驶者睡眠相关的法律同等重要,这就有力地反驳了题干中的论证。题干的结论是“我们今天需要做的不是加重对酒后驾车的惩罚力度,而是制定与驾驶者睡眠相关的法律”,A项仅仅是对“制定与驾驶者睡眠相关的法律”这一情况的客观评价,对题目的论证构不成削弱。

选择题
阅读理解

My students often tell me that they don’t have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.

My reply is often a brief “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about there being twenty-four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.

Once in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “That’s irrelevant (无关的). What’s important is the quality of your work.” Since then I have had time to think carefully about the “hard worker” dodge (诀窍), and I have come to some conclusions — all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.

If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, of course, the matter of “time”, which we can think of as fixed. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, it’s not how hard one works but the quality of the product that’s important.

That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office: “Don’t work harder. Work smarter.” There is a lot of sense in that idea.

If you can’t get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework”, the expression “work habits” should be read as “study habits”.

Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.

小题1:.

From the passage, we know that the author is probably ______ .

A.a poet

B.an educator

C.a novelist

D.an engineer小题2:.

We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that we students still _____ .

A.have enough time

B.can meet the president

C.get everything done well

D.should accept the explanation小题3:.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.The author’s students make good use of their time to do all their homework.

B.The author tried to tell the professor that he/she (author) had done a good job.

C.You can’t improve the quality of the work if you can’t get more time.

D.You’ll try to improve your skills in reading and writing if you’re a clever student.小题4:.

What’s the passage mainly about?

A.Students don’t have enough time.

B.Don’t work harder; work smarter.

C.No one can get more time.

D.Read better and write better.