问题 名词解释

新公共管理

答案

参考答案:

20世纪80年代以来,西方许多国家的政府进行了一场以新公共管理为旗号的公共行政改革。这一改革表明了它的市场、企业式的管理趋向,以达到这样一些目标:提高公共部门资源配置的效率,缩小政府规模,减少政府开支,提高服务质量。一句话,以企业精神改造公共部门。

新公共管理表现了向市场和私营部门管理方式的回归,这反映了传统的宪政主义与管理主义之间的摇摆再一次摆向管理主义。宪政主义关注正义、公正,而管理主义则偏向于效率、绩效,这反映了公共部门管理中常出现的两种价值的冲突。

随着改革运动的深入,对新公共管理的批评也日益增多,这些观点对政府引入企业的价值观念表示疑虑,并担心传统行政的优势如专业至上、无偏私、高度的道德标准、较少的腐败会因市场取向的行政改革而受到削弱或丧失。

完形填空

A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.

Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.

Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, cock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account(账户)with the site.

There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload them art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.

Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one car receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informed.

Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers

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