问题 问答题 简答题

简述肾衰竭的氨基酸疗法及临床应用疗效。

答案

参考答案:

氨基酸疗法是根据肾衰竭病人体内氨基酸代谢的特点,通过食物保证能量供给充足,尽量减少非必需氨基酸的摄入,口服或静脉滴注肾用必需氨基酸。其主要临床应用疗效有:

①氨基酸疗法补充了必需氨基酸,即缓解氨基酸代谢紊乱,又改善营养状况。

②改善钙、磷代谢紊乱,减轻继发的甲状旁腺功能亢进症状。

③缓解残余肾小球内高滤过状态。必需氨基酸疗法首先保证了低蛋白,减轻了肾小球负担。

④应用必需氨基酸制剂,可稍放宽植物蛋白的摄入量,可提高病人的食欲,增加病人食物选择的范围,病人可长期耐受低蛋白饮食治疗。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,回答下列问题。

      Once there were five beggars (乞丐). One was English, one Turkish, one Greek, one was an Arab and one

was Persian. One day they met and decided to stay together, sharing what they had and helping each other in

trouble times.

      Soon a man passed them in the street and gave them a coin. They talked about what to do with it. At last

they decided to buy something to eat. 

      "Let's buy some grapes!" said the Englishman. But the Turkish wanted "uzum", the Arab "aneb", the Greek

"stafelea", and the Persian insisted on (坚持) "angur". They did not understand each other's language very well.

Soon they were quarrelling and even fighting.

      While they were fighting about how to spend the money, a stranger came along. He knew all the five

languages. He asked them why they were fighting. After they told him, he said, "Give me your coin. I will buy

what you want."

      He was soon back with a bunch of grapes. Each beggar was happy, as each had what he had wanted. They

all asked for the same thing, but the word for "grapes" is different in different languages.

      If people could understand each other, there would be no need to fight. 

1. Did these beggars speak the same language?

    ______________________________________________________________

2. What did they decide to do when they met one day?

    ______________________________________________________________

3. What did a man give them in the street?

    ______________________________________________________________

4. Why did they quarrel?

    ______________________________________________________________

5. In fact, all of them wanted to buy grapes, didn't they?

    ______________________________________________________________

单项选择题