问题 选择题
一个三角形的面积是5平方分米,高是2.5分米,它的底是(  )
A.2分米B.4平方分米C.1分米D.4分米
答案

答案:D

阅读理解
As is known to all, waste has become a more and more serious problem. We can easily see many people throw a lot of food into the garbage can. Some people spend thousands of yuan buying fashionable clothes. What do you think of them? Here are some of students’ opinions:
Mary
As for me, I believe “Waste not, want not.” As we know, there are still millions of Chinese living in a poor condition. We can never afford waste. Therefore, it is no doubt that saving is still a good habit that we should not give up. I do not like the men who spend their money in a wrong way. They do not know waste is a bad thing. It can only make them happy for the time being.
Jacky
More and more people are no longer interested in the simple life style, including me. And I feel embarrassed to save the things I used. What I love is the latest fashion. In my eyes, saving is already out of style.
Sally
One of the best ways we students can do in this situation is to recycle the textbooks we are using everyday. After we've used them and are moving on to new ones, we should find ways to recycle these books instead of simply throwing them away. There are different ways to do so such as sending them to a recycling factory, reusing them for other purposes, passing them on to new students and so on.
Tim
The negative effects of waste can be shown as follows. Firstly, it makes some students ask their parents for money quite often, which is harmful to their development. If they don’t learn to support themselves, they will be “useless people” when they graduate. Secondly, it is not easy for our parents to arrange for our schooling. Last but not the least, just like what Mary said that our country is still poor. There are many people who cannot go to university and many poor people still need our help.
Information Card
The things people spend thousands of yuan on
小题1:
 
What a good habit still is
小题2:
 
What makes Jacky feel embarrassed
小题3:
 
One of the best ways we students can do
小题4:
 
The students should depend on themselves, or they will be
小题5:
 
材料题

阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一  东亚大陆得天独厚的自然条件和地理生态环境,孕育了中 * * 以农耕文明为主体的经济形态。中国农耕文明逐步形成了精耕细作的农业生产模式。唐宋以后,租佃契约关系不断发展,农民人身依附关系相对松弛,推动了社会经济的发展。……作为农耕经济的补充,中国古代工商业高度发达,手工业产品和商品经济居于世界领先地位。明清(鸦片战争前)时期在农耕经济高度发展的基础上分离出一些迥异于传统经济模式的变异。 ——岳麓书社《历史——经济成长历程》

材料二  英法美能够率先开始工业化,主要原因是从它们的传统社会内部自发地产生了推动工业化的因素,其特征是通过自由市场的杠杆作用,推动了工业化,形成了内生型的自由主义工业化模式。……现代私有制与充分自由化的市场为经济增长开辟了广阔天地,但是现代经济生活的自由放任带来日益严重的社会失控,……便形成了资本主义发展模式的基本结构性矛盾。这一矛盾导致本世纪初巨大的摆动即资本主义大危机,给所有国家都带来了强烈的影响……推动了对“古典”发展模式的修正。 ——罗荣渠著《现代化新论》(1993年)

材料三  苏联工业化创造了一种不同于资本主义工业化的模式,这种模式的特点是:通过国家职能部门制定计划,以增强国防实力为目标,优先发展重工业,建立以国营企业和集体化农业为主导的国民经济,用高于资本主义的发展速度赶超西方发达国家。这种类型的工业化伴随着高度的独立自主,带有强制性,并能充分动员群众。这是一种在内部自发经济动力不足的条件下以非常手段进行的赶超型工业化道路。在工业化初期阶段上,其资金积累的唯一来源是农业,以牺牲农业的利益来达到优先发展重工业的粗放型经济的发展。这样做必须借助于强化中央 * * 对市场和贸易的统制,并在一段时间内以强制性的方式割断与世界经济体系的联系,行政部门对经济的控制越强,经济本身增长的能力便相应地越弱,从而导致增长的速度最终缓慢下来。苏联创造的工业化模式在二战以后为众多社会主义国家所仿效…… ——钱乘旦等著《世界现代化进程》

(1)据材料一概括中国古代经济模式的主要特点,并分析“变异”没有成功的主要原因?

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(2)根据材料二指出英法美 “古典”发展模式的特点?西方国家修正“古典”发展模式开始的标志和方式是什么?

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(3)根据材料三并结合所学知识分析苏联模式在二战后为众多社会主义国家所仿效的原因是什么?苏联模式又有何弊端?20世纪90年代初,中国修正这一模式的主要表现有哪些?

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(4)综合上述材料和所学知识,西方国家与中国对各自经济发展模式成功修正的手段有何共同之处?纵观经济发展模式的调整过程,你能得出什么启示?

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