问题 单项选择题

政府机构改革要克服多头管理、政多出门的弊端必须贯彻( )。

A.精简原则

B.权责一致原则

C.依法行政原则

D.效能原则

答案

参考答案:D

解析:所谓“精简”原则,是指依法设置国家机关,严格控制机构编制,定员定岗,国家机关之间职责明确,层次清楚。精简不能简单理解为数量上的减少,主要是指切实转变政府职能,减少行政运行成本,提高行政运行效能。所谓“统一”原则,包括两层含义:一是机构编制管理工作的高度统一。党中央、国务院统一领导全国范围内的机构编制管理工作,地方各级党委、政府管理本行政区域的机构编制,机构编制管理机关在同级党委、政府领导下负责具体的管理工作。二是职责体系和机构设置的有机统一。从党委和政府整体上所负担的责任出发,通盘考虑职责的具体配置和机构的具体设置,使之适应党委、政府职能的全面高效履行,并且形成部门间协调配合机制,使各部门的工作形成一盘旗,服从和服务于党和国家中心工作的大局。所谓“效能”原则,是指机构编制工作通过科学规范部门职能,合理设置机构,优化人员编制,不断改善机构编制资源的配置效率,形成权责一致、分工合理、决策科学、执行顺畅、监督有力的行政管理体制,促进党委、政府整体效能的提高。坚持“效能”原则,要做到以下两点:一是分工合理。职能划分科学、合理,是保证行政效能的前提。二是权责一致。责任与职权是机构的两大要素,两者的相互关系状况,直接制约着机构的效能。一个机构负有多大责任,就应赋予多大职权,反之,有多大职权,就应该承担多大责任。故本题答案选D。

阅读理解

High school graduation is worth celebrating. It marks a big change in the lives of young adults. However, it ought to mean even more. It ought to mean that the graduate is ready for college or career.

In a report issued last year, we found that almost half of recent Illinois high school graduates required remedial courses(补习课) upon enrolling(注册) a community college. These courses require time and money to complete, yet offer no credits toward a degree. Too often, students never get through those remedial courses and end up dropping out of college.

Why is the remediation rate so high? A large part of the reason is that we have not set high enough standards for what our students need to learn from kindergarten to high school. They simply aren’t equipped with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed.

The same is true for careers. In Illinois, good jobs continue to go vacant(空缺) even while we are trying hard to go through tough economic times. This is due largely to the mismatch between the skills and knowledge we provide our students with and what employers in a modern economy need workers to know.

The good news is that in Illinois we have a plan to help get our students ready for life in the real world. We have already taken an important first step by becoming one of the 45 states to adopt the Common Core State Standards and have begun introducing them to classrooms this year. The new standards provide fewer, clearer and higher benchmarks(标准) for academic progress. They focus on deeper knowledge required at each grade level, give teachers the opportunity to explore topics fully and ensure students can apply what they’ve learned.

Research shows that when expectations are raised, students rise to meet them. Adapting to higher standards and raising expectations may prove challenging, but they are the steps we must take so that our students are successful in high school and prepared for college and careers. Readiness is worth a celebration.

小题1:According to the passage, in most cases, students taking part in remedial courses ___.

A.come from wealthy families

B.leave college before finishing their courses

C.are offered credits toward a degree

D.are likely to develop their academic interest小题2:The author uses the third and fourth paragraphs to __.

A.provide solutions to the rising remediation rate

B.show the present situation of unemployment in Illinois

C.suggest knowledge learned in school be put into practice

D.explain why students aren’t prepared for college and a career小题3:Which of the following statements about the Common Core State Standards is TRUE?

A.They were first adopted in Illinois.

B.More benchmarks are required.

C.They benefit teachers as well as students.

D.They ensure students’ success in college.小题4:Based on the last paragraph, what is the author’s attitude to raising expectations of students?

A.Supportive

B.Critical

C.Doubtful

D.Worried

判断题