问题 问答题

运用所学知识分析下列命属:

资本主义生产过程是一种简单的劳动过程。

答案

参考答案:资本主义生产过程既是劳动过程,也是价值增殖过程,是二者的统一。
资本主义的劳动过程是劳动者应用劳动资料作用于劳动对象,创造新的使用价值的过程,但在资本主叉生产的条件下,劳动力商品的使用价值具有特殊性,能创造出比自身价值更高的价值,因而资本主义生产过程必然要通过劳动力的劳动,实现价值的增殖。
因而在生产过程中,一方面工人通过具体劳动把生产资料的价值转移到新的产品中去,生产出新的使用价值;另一方面,通过抽象劳动,又创造出新的价值。
由此可见,资本主义生产过程并不是一种简单的劳动过程,同时也是劳动者创造新价值的过程。

单项选择题
单项选择题

In the absence of optimism, we are left with nothing but critics, naysayers, and prophets of doom. When a nation expects the worst from its people and institutions, and its experts focus exclusively on faults, hope dies. Too many people spend too much tie looking down rather than up, finding fault with their country’s political institutions, economic system, educational establishment, religious organizations, and—worst of all—with each other.

Faultfinding expends so much negative energy that nothing is left over for positive action. It takes courage and strength to solve the genuine problems that afflict every society. Sure, there well always be things that need fixing. But the question is, do you want to spend your time and energy tearing things down or building them up

The staging of a Broadway show could illustrate my point. Let’s say a new production is about to open. A playwright has polished the script, investor have put up the money, and the theater has been rented. A director has been chosen, actors have been auditioned and selected, and the cast has been rehearsing for weeks. Set, lighting, and sound engineers have been hard at work. By the time opening night arrives, nearly a hundred people have labored tirelessly—all working long hours to make magic for their audience.

On opening night, four or five critics sit in the audience. If they pan it, the play will probably close in a matter of days or weeks. If they praise it, the production could go on for a long and successful run. In the end, success or failure might hinge on the opinion of a single person—someone who might be in a bad mood on opening night! What’s wrong with this scene In one sense, nothing. Critics have a legitimate role. The problem arises when we make critics our heroes or put them in control of our fate. When we empower the critic more than the playwright, something is wrong. It is much easier to criticize than to create. When we revere the critics of society, we eventually become a society of critics, and when that happens, there is no room left for constructive optimism.

It can be inferred from the text that if optimism were adopted, ().

A. no serious problems would arise in society

B. anything could be done with ease

C. some social problems could more possibly be solved

D. people would succeed in getting over all the obstacles