成就动机理论的主要代表人物阿特金森认为避免失败者的目的是避免失败，减少失败感，所以他们倾向于选择非常容易或非常困难的任务。当一项任务的成功率为50%时，他们会______。
A．考虑选择
B．犹豫不决
C．回避这项任务
D．坚决选择
参考答案：C
解析： 阿特金森根据追求成功和避免失败两类动机在动机系统中所占的强度，把个体的成就动机分成两类：一类是力求成功的动机，另一类是避免失败的动机。力求成功者的目的是获取成就，所以他们会选择既存在成功可能性又有足够挑战性的中等难度的任务；当他们面对完全不可能成功或稳操胜券的任务时，动机水平反而会下降。相反，避免失败者则倾向于选择非常容易或非常困难的任务。因为选择容易的任务可以保证成功，使自己免遭失败。而选择极其困难的任务，即使失败，也可以找到适当的借口，得到自己和他人的原谅，从而减少失败感。故选C。
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| My husband had just bought a new washing machine for me. I decided to use it the 1 day and I washed a lot of things. Everything worked 2 , but I couldn't find 3 of my husband's socks though I had looked 4 for it. The next morning, I got ready for 5 as usual, when the bell rang , the students came in. I greeted them and told them 6 we were going to do 7 .When I 8 back to write on the blackboard, the class burst out 9 . They laughed and laughed. They laughed so much, in fact, that I was 10 the headmaster would come and see all this. I asked the class to 11 ,but the more I talked, the more they laughed. 12 I thought I had better pay 13 attention to them and 14 to write on the blackboard. As I did this, they laughed even harder. Before long, the teacher who had the room next to 15 came to see what all the laughter was 16 . When he came in, he started laughing, too. "Good Heavens! "I said," Will 17 please tell me what is so 18 ?" "Oh, God, "said the teacher," You have a brown 19 stuck to the back of your shirt." So that's 20 I found my husband's missing sock. "Oh, well," I said to the class, "Let' s just say you have had an unforgettable lesson on static electricity (静电)." | ||||
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