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问题 单项选择题

某公司采用的软件开发过程通过了CMM2认证，表明该公司（）。

A．开发项目成效不稳定，管理混乱

B．对软件过程和产品质量建立了定量的质量目标

C．建立了基本的项目级管理制度和规程，可对项目的成本、进度进行跟踪和控制

D．可集中精力采用新技术新方法，优化软件过程

答案

参考答案：C

解析：

[分析] 本题考查软件能力成熟度模型(Capability maturity model，CMM)的基本概念。CMM是目前国际上使用流行的一种软件生产过程行业标准模型，可定义、评价软件开发过程的成熟度，并提供提高软件质量的指导。CMM模型定义了初始级(1级)、可重复级(2级)、定义级(3级)、管理级(4级)、优化级(5级)共5个成熟度等级，低级别是实现高级别的基础。该公司通过了CMM2认证，表明了它的软件开发过程成熟度达到了2级标准，即已经建立了基本的项目级管理制度和规程，可对项目的成本、进度进行跟踪和控制，以加强过程能力。

单项选择题

亚急性感染性心内膜炎引起栓塞临床最常见为

A．冠状动脉栓塞

B．脑栓塞

C．肾栓塞

D．肺栓塞

E．脾栓塞
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单项选择题

Americans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames (昵称，绰号). Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one’s father’s last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions.
In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it’s the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established.
At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker’s family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow.
This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe. John F. Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy.
Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames. Chicago is called the "Windy City" because of the p winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the "Big Apple" for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers.
Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way.
Likewise a person’s physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one’s liking or choice. A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.

Many traditional societies see the use of one’s family name as a sign of ______.

A. respect
B. distance
C. importance
D. gratitude
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