工业化为人类提供了新的能源，并对当时的社会产生深远的影响。阅读下列材料：

材料一　在一个国家的内地交通方面，人们从未见过任何革命能够比得上美国在几年时间内所实现的那种革命。谷物、煤炭、各种货物的运输，几乎只需以前所用的马匹的半数。商业旅行快了一倍以上。农业进步与商业进步并肩前进。一切都呈现繁荣的样子。我们的一切出产都增加了价值。作为这个大运动的枢纽的东西就是我们道路的改革。

——保尔·芒图《十八世纪产业革命》

材料二　　英国的煤产量从1770年的600万吨上升到1800年的1 200万吨，进而上升到1861年的5 700万吨。……在1850年至1913年间，硝酸盐、钾碱和过磷酸钙的产量从微不足道的数量分别上升到899 800公吨(其中四分之三用于制肥料)、1 348 000公吨和16 251 213公吨……高粮仓、罐头食品制造厂、冷藏车、船和迅速的运输工具，它们导致一个不仅提供工业产品、也提供农业产品的世界市场。加拿大的小麦、澳大利亚的羊肉、阿根廷的牛肉和加利福尼亚的水果可在世界各地的市场中找到。

——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料三　　英国艺术家约瑟夫·特纳画出了汽车的速度。德国作曲家费利克斯·门德尔松把蒸汽船的噪音变成音乐。……当那个时代最有发明才能的机械师布鲁内尔出现在他设计的英国桥梁的开幕式上时，乐队演奏：“好啊！英雄来了！”          

——费尔南德兹·阿迈斯托《世界：一部历史》

请回答：

(1)据材料一及所学知识，说明18世纪英国交通领域变革的历史背景及对英国社会的影响。(8分)

(2)据材料二、三，说明工业化对世界农业发展及能源利用的影响。(8分)

(3)据材料三，指出人们对于工业化的态度并分析其原因。(4分)

Here’s a quick reminder to all of you when you get stuck in a moment. Yesterday I skipped breakfast because I got up late. Because of the busy school work, I forgot my lunch. When I was finally thinking of buying my lunch, a person in need asked me if I could spare him some cash, so I decided to give him some money.

Then later in the evening, I was heading home anxiously for dinner. However, I got a call from my mom. She said that she had to work late and wouldn’t be able to prepare dinner for me. Even though there was no food in the house, I told my mom not to worry as I would surely find myself something to eat.

While I was still processing this sudden set of changes in my food choice for the day, I passed a young man with a broad smile handing out samples of crackers(薄脆饼干) at the gate of a supermarket. He gave me a packet and then said, “How about you taking some more for school tomorrow?” In response to that, I returned a warm smile to him and opened up my bag. He gladly filled it. I was excited.

Whether you call it luck or fate, I just wanted to say that somewhere out there somebody came along carrying a pocket of hope in his heart and shared a piece of with me! Somebody out there will one day do the same for you.!

1. The author anxiously went home for dinner in evening because __________.

A. his mother was waiting for him to have dinner

B. his mother promised to prepare dinner for him

C. he hadn’t had breakfast or lunch

D. he didn’t like food in restaurants

2. What’s the time order of the following events that happened to the author?

a. Gave money to person in need

b. Learn he had to organize his own dinner

c. Went home hurriedly for dinner

d. Got a lot of crackers

A. b—d—a—c    B. a—c—b—d      C. a—d—b—c     D. d—c—a—b

3. The purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. advise us to study hard at school.     B. show that life is full of unexpected things

C. suggest that people take three meals every day   D. tell us there is always hope