生活成本与一个地区的主导行业支付的工资平均水平呈正相关。例如，某省雁南地区的主导行业是农业，而龙山地区的主导行业是汽车制造业，由此，我们可以得出结论：龙山地区的生活成本一定比雁南地区高。
以下哪项最可能是上文所做的假设
A．龙山地区的生活质量比雁南地区高。
B．雁南地区参与汽车制造业的人比龙山地区少。
C．汽车制造业支付的工资平均水平比农业高。
D．龙山地区的生活成本比其他地区都高。
E．龙山地区的居民希望离开龙山地区，到生活成本较低的地区生活。
参考答案：C
解析： 题干断定：①生活成本与一个地区的主导行业支付的工资平均水平呈正相关；②雁南地区的主导行业是农业，而龙山地区的主导行业是汽车制造业。如果选项C为真，也就是汽车制造业支付的工资平均水平比农业高，结合题干，就可以推出结论：龙山地区的生活成本一定比雁南地区高。
可见，为使题干的论证成立，选项C是必须假设的。否则，如果汽车制造业的工资平均水平不比农业高，那么，就得不出题干推理的结论：龙山地区的生活成本一定比雁南地区高。
| Some pioneering work that began as an attempt to discover ways to increase production efficiency led to the founding of the human relations movement in industry and to the development of motivational skills and tools for managers. In 1927 researchers were involved in determining the optimum amount of lighting, temperature, and humidity (with lighting being considered the most important) for the assembly of electronic components at Western Electric. The researchers found that lighting had no consistent effect on production. In fact, production sometimes increased when lighting was reduced to the level of ordinary moonlight! The important part of this experiment began when two Harvard researchers, Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger, were brought in to investigate these unexpected results further. They found that workers were responding not to the level of lighting but to the fact that they were being observed by the experimenters. This phenomenon came to be known as the Hawthorne effect since the experiments were conducted at the Western Electric Hawthorne Plant. This was the first documented and widely published evidence of the psychological effects on doing work, and it led to the first serious effort aimed at examining psychological and social factors in the workplace. Further experiments were continued for five years. Generally, the researchers concluded from their experiments that economic motivation (pay) was not the sole source of productivity and, in some cases, not even the most important source. Through interviews and test results, the researchers focused on the effects of work attitudes, supervision, and the peer group and other social forces, on productivity. Their findings laid the groundwork for modem motivation theory, and the study of human factors on the job, which continues to this day in such common practices as selection and training, establishing favorable work conditions, counseling, and personnel operations. The contributions of this experiment shifted the focus of human motivation from economics to a multifaceted approach including psychological and social forces. |
According to the passage, it can be concluded that a "multifaceted approach" to human motivation in the workplace to ______.
A．exclude economics
B．lead to greater productivity
C．exclude physical conditions
D．focus mainly on psychological and social forces