问题 解答题
椭圆E:
x2
a2
+
y2
b2
=1(a>b>0)
的右焦点为F,过原点和x轴不重合的直线与椭圆E交于A,B,两点,|AF|+|BF|=4,
sin∠AFB
sin∠ABF+sin∠BAF
的最小值为0.5.
(I)求椭圆E的方程;
(II)若直线l:y=kx+m与椭圆E交于M,N两点(其中5m+6k≠0),以线段MN为直径的圆过E的右顶点,求证:直线l过定点.
答案

(I)设椭圆的左焦点为F′,由椭圆的对称性,

因为|AF|+|BF|=4,所以|AF|+|AF′|=4,所以2a=4,即a=2,

在三角形AFB中,由正弦定理得

sin∠AFB
sin∠ABF+sin∠BAF
=
|AB|
|AF|+|BF|
=
x21
+
y21
2
=
b2+
c2
x21
a2
2

因为0≤x12≤a2,所以

sin∠AFB
sin∠ABF+sin∠BAF
b
2
=
1
2

所以b=1

所以所求椭圆方程为

x2
4
+y2=1;…5分

(Ⅱ) 由

y=kx+m
x2
4
+y2=1
得(1+4k2)x2+8kmx+4m2-4=0.

由题意得△>0,即m2-1-4k2<0.(※)

设交点M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),则

x1+x2=-
8km
1+4k2
x1x2=
4m2-4
1+4k2

 

因为以MN为直径的圆过C(2,0),∴

CM
CN
=0

CM
=(x1-2,y1),
CN
═(x2-2,y2),

所以(x1-2)(x2-2)+y1y2=0,

即(x1-2)(x2-2)+(k x1+m)(kx2+m )=0,整理得

5m2+16km+12k2=0,(m+2k)(5m+6k)=0,注意到5m+6k≠0

 故解得m=-2k.经检验,满足(※)式.

m=-2k时,直线方程为y=k(x-2),恒过定点(2,0)…12分

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