This problem is said _______ three times, but he still can’t understand it.

A．to have been explaining

B．to have explained

C．having been explained

D．to have been explained

某班同学用下图装置测定空气里氧气的含量。先用弹簧夹夹住橡皮管。点燃红磷伸入瓶中并塞上瓶塞。待红磷熄灭后，打开弹簧夹，观察广口瓶内水面变化情况。

（1）待红磷熄灭后，打开弹簧夹，观察到进入瓶中的水的体积少于瓶子容积的1/5，可能造成这样结果的原因是（填2种）：

①___________________________________________________；

②____________________________________________________。