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问题 单项选择题

门脉高压症食管静脉曲张手术治疗的最主要目的是

A．改善肝功能

B．提高机体免疫力

C．防止肝癌发生

D．治疗及预防曲张静脉破裂出血

E．减少腹水

答案

参考答案：D

解析：食管胃底曲张静脉一旦破裂引起出血，就会有很大可能反复出血，而每次出血必将给肝脏带来损害。积极采取手术止血，不但可以防止再出血，而且是预防发生肝昏迷的有效措施。

单项选择题

Lawrence Kohlberg


Born in 1927, Lawrence Kohlberg spent three years as a junior engineer in the merchant marine before entering college. After those years at sea, he was ready to buckle down and push through the rigorous program at Chicago in record time. He completed the four-year B.A. Degree in 1949 after only two years’ work. He clearly demonstrated a great capacity for academic scholarship, and it was natural for him to enroll as a Ph.D. candidate at the same university. He completed his doctorate in 1958; after two years for his undergraduate studies, it took him nine years for the Ph.D. He remarked wryly that it only proved you couldn’t accurately predict human behavior in all cases.
One of the major reasons for delay was his eventual topic, moral development in children and adolescents. A major portion of his doctoral work was in traditional area of clinical psychology and child development, including a traineeship at the famous Children’s Hospital in Boston. A substantial part of his difficulty was that all the time he was learning the traditional theories, including psychoanalytic views, he found in himself a growing skepticism. He began to evolve an alternative set of ideas to explain how children develop moral reasoning. What started as a traditional thesis on the relationship between the superego (the Freudian term for conscience) and moral behavior was transformed into a remarkably original framework for moral development in stages. It is rare for a young Ph.D. candidate to produce truly new insights into human behavior theory. It was uniquely creative for his thesis to force almost a complete revision of moral development theory as well.
With the completion of the thesis, finally, after nine years of work, he accepted an assistant professorship at the University of Chicago in 1962. Just six years later he was offered and accepted a full professorship at Harvard University and joined that faculty to form an innovative graduate program in human development. He was also awarded a special five-year Research Career Award by the National Institute of Mental Health to promote his longitudinal study on stages of moral development in adults as well as in children and adolescents. His major significance derives from the possible applications of the theory to promote psychologically healthy human beings. He is presently developing a series of intervention and teaching procedures that show promise of deliberately improving our level of moral judgment and moral maturity. If we are concerned about improving the quality of interpersonal human relationships, his work at present represents the most helpful insights and processes to help us attain that objective.

The statement in the first paragraph that "you couldn’t accurately predict human behavior in all cases" roughly means ______.

A. people can’t really tell what they can do until it happens.
B. people usually do not know life happenings before the events.
C. people are not allowed to predict life happenings with accuracy.
D. people are not good enough at predicting life events.
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单项选择题

直接保护堤坡的工程一般不包括（）。

A.护滩工程

B.堤防护坡

C.险工

D.防护坝
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