下列关于我国古代科学成就的表述不正确的一项是( )。
A．华佗是世界上最早采用全身麻醉方法的医生
B．隋朝时期的僧一行测算出子午线的长度
C．祖冲之将圆周率计算到小数点后7位数字
D．我国宋代发明的罗盘针为欧洲航海家发现美洲大陆和进行环球航行提供了重要条件
参考答案：B
解析： 僧一行，本名张遂，是中国唐代的天文学家，他主要致力于天文研究和历法改革，并且做出了突出的贡献，是世界上第一位测量子午线的人。B项说法有误。华佗曾用“麻沸散”将病人麻醉后施行剖腹手术，是世界医学史上有记载的最早应用全身麻醉方法进行的手术治疗。祖冲之算出圆周率的真值在3.1415926和3.1415927之间，相当于精确到小数第7位，成为当时世界上最先进的成就。战国时期，我国就发明了指示南北的工具——司南，到南宋时开始把磁针与分方位的装置组装成一个整体，这就是罗盘。后来罗盘针传到阿拉伯、波斯和欧洲，为欧洲航海家发现美洲大陆和进行环球航行提供了重要条件。A、C、D说法均正确，本题答案选B。
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
Passage One
| On cold days in Delhi, the poor light bonfires (篝火) of tyres, trees and rags whose fumes mix with the exhaust from the city’s 2 million vehicles to form a thick smog. On most days in Mexico City, a blanket of pollution cuts off views of the surrounding mountains. On one famous occasion it got so bad that birds fell dead out of the sky on to the Zocalo, the city’s main square. Throughout the developing world, smogs in many big cities are getting worse as more people use cars and more manufacturing firms are belching out (喷出) pollution. Congestion is on the rise, too: according to one estimate, a car in Bangkok now spends the equivalent of 40 days a year stuck in traffic. The air in Asia’s cities, like the water in its rivers, is particularly unhealthy, containing levels of dust and smoke several times higher than in the rich countries’ cities. Environmentalists in the developed world also worry about air pollution in poorer countries, not just out of the goodness of their hearts but because they fear it may affect their own backyard. Carbon-dioxide emissions, thought to be the cause of global warming, are growing particularly fast in developing countries. So are emissions of sulphur dioxide, blamed for acid rain, which sometimes falls hundreds of miles from the source of the pollution. But the harm that air pollution causes in the developing countries themselves is much more serious and immediate. The biggest concern are indoor air pollution, lead emissions and small particles. Indoor pollution in poor countries is not much talked about, but it is often as damaging to health as smoking cigarettes. Around a third of all energy consumed in developing countries comes from wood, crop residues and dung, which are often burnt in poorly designed stoves within ill-ventilated (通风很差的) huts. Studies of women in India and Nepal exposed to smoke from such fuels show that their death rates from chronic respiratory disease are similar to those of heavy smokers. Lead has long been known to be dangerous in large doses. But only since the 1970s have scientists been aware that relatively small quantities of lead in the bloodstream can be harmful to humans. In particular, "many studies show a correlation between levels of lead in children’s blood and lower IQ scores, hearing loss and hyperactivity (活动过度). But the kind of air pollution thought to cause the most damage to human health in developing countries is that from small particles. Caused by vehicle exhausts, coal-burning smoke from factories and dust stirred up by vehicles, these particles easily find their way into people’s lungs. Studies the world over have shown a p positive correlation between small particles in the air and death rates. |
Which of the following statements about indoor pollution in developing countries is NOT true
A．It is as damaging as smoking cigarettes.
B．It is often caused by burning fuels in poorly designed stoves.
C．It is mainly caused by smoking inside the ill-ventilated huts.
D．It is able to lead to chronic respiratory diseases.