问题 单项选择题

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一位著名的行为遗传学研究人员今天说:随着科学家们开始寻找乐观生活态度后面潜藏的脱氧核糖核酸,人们对快乐的研究深入到了遗传学领域。

国立卫生研究院的行为遗传学家迪安·哈墨说:“很明显,有些基因使人们总的来说感到快乐一些或者悲伤一些。”

但是他说,即便在庞大的人类基因组计划工作的能干地DNA搜寻人员找出仅仅一个快乐基因的可能性也是 _______ 的。涉及的基因也许多达几十个。使研究工作更不明确的将是环境在其中所起的作用。一些研究表明,即使像微笑这样简单的行为也能激发大脑中一些使人愉快的化学物质。

这项研究表明,基因对安乐感的影响比抚养方式、社会经济状态和教育体制的影响更大,后几种情况“实际上没有影响”。哈默说:“快乐的高度可遗传性解决了社会学和心理学研究中长期存在的一个谜,即也许顺利的生活和社会经济上的成功对‘乐观向上的态度’几乎没有影响。换句话说,为什么金钱买不来幸福应该有其生物学上的原因。”哈默说,基因对于使人产生良好感觉的大脑化学物质多巴胺的调节至少可以用来很好地解释部分作用

“有些基因使人们总的来说感到快乐一些或者悲伤一些”一句的意思是()

A.有些基因总的来说使人们既感到快乐,又感到悲伤

B.有些基因总的来说使人们要么感到快乐,要么感到悲伤

C.总的来说,有些基因使人们感到快乐,有些基因使人们感到悲伤

D.总的来说,使人感到快乐和悲伤的原因是基因的影响

答案

参考答案:C

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Go to church, then have a big lunch, then go out to play while mum does the housework. That was a

typical (典型的) British Sunday in the 1960s. But things now could not be more different. 

    Some British sociologists recently studied the typical British Sunday. They found that people get up later

and do less housework than they did 40 years ago. They are far more likely to be out shopping or enjoying

themselves than cooking Sunday lunch. 

    Sunday mornings were busy 40 years ago. Most women caught up on their weekly housework and

cooked a nice lunch. They seldom allowed themselves any "leisure" until afternoon, after the dishes were

cleaned. Then there would be another rush to the table between 5:00 pm and 6:00 pm for tea. But now,

Britons can have brunch (早午餐) at the restaurant. Fewer people bother to cook themselves. "You only

have two free days a week. You don't want to have to waste one because there is nothing to do but watch

boring TV," said Elizabeth Biggs, 25, a producer in London. 

    "On Saturday you are recovering from the week," Biggs added. "Sundays are the last chance for the

weekend - you want to get as much as you can out of the day before you have to go back to work." In

the past, British women usually did their shopping during the week, while the husband was at work. "Now

men seem to do that as much as women," said Jonathan Gershuny, a professor who took part in the study.

    Men also do more housework now on Sundays. Back in the 1960s, men were far more likely to spend

Sundays out of the house at the pub or playing football before lunch.

1. Many Britons have brunch at the restaurant because ______. [ ]

A. They have no time to cook at home.

B. They get up too late.

C. They won't bother to cook themselves.

D. They will go to church.

2. Which of the following is NOT true? [ ]

A. Britons used to go to church on Sundays.

B. Britons usually had a big lunch at home.

C. British women usually did their shopping during the week in the past.

D. British men did little housework at home in the past.

3. The text mainly tells us ______. [ ]

A. what Britons did on Sundays

B. why Britons go shopping on Sundays

C. how Britons spend their holidays

D. the changes of the ways the Britons spend their Sundays

4. What can we infer from the passage? [ ]

A. Men do more housework on Sundays.

B. Sundays in Britain might be very boring in the past.

C. No people go to church on Sundays now.

D. Britons all go out on Sundays.

名词解释