问题 单项选择题

个体社会化,是指个体在社会环境影响下,认识和掌握社会事物、社会标准的过程,通过这个过程,个体得以独立地参加社会生活。从社会心理学的角度讲,是指个体在特定的社会情境中,通过自身与社会的双向互动,逐步形成社会心理定向和社会心理模式,学会履行其社会角色,由自然人转变为社会性的人并不断完善的长期发展过程。
根据以上定义,不符合个体社会化的是( )。

A.小丹丹通过幼儿园的学习,逐步学会了很多初级的语文知识
B.小刚在父母的养育下,个子越来越高,长成了一个大孩子
C.通过上小学、中学、大学,我们可以学到不同的文化知识,为走向社会打下基础
D.在社会上摸爬滚打很多年后,小文终于有了自己的公司

答案

参考答案:B

解析: 在一般人的社会化过程中,具有决定意义的途径主要是家庭文化熏陶、学校文化教育和社会文化影响。因此A、C、D项都是社会化的过程。B项只是人类的自然变化。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days.

     It goes like this: You can't take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from

home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We'd take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching

to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but

we didn't like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the

subway to our closest station, where Mom's friend was waiting to give us a ride home-our first car ride of

the day.

     The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She

was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of

imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence-the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway

tunnels.

     Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform,

nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if

you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox-and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.

     On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but

the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train

window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed

my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs?

How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction,

where's the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?

     I'm writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didn't try on our Transportation Days and, we

now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My

multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me.

1. Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days?

A. Having a car ride.

B. Taking the train twice.

C. Buying more than one toy.

D. Touring the historic district.

2. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?

A. Building confidence in herself.

B. Reducing her use of private cars.

C. Developing her sense of direction.

D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles.

3. The underlined word "paralyzed" (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to "_______".

A. displayed

B. justified

C. ignored

D. ruined

4. Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?

A. Airplane.

B. Subway.

C. Tram.

D. Car.